. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jul 26.

Published in final edited form as: Int J Sociol. 2014 Dec 7;44(3):84–107. doi: 10.2753/IJS0020-7659440305

Table 3.

Discrete-Time Competing Risks Model Predicting Labor Force Transitions for Women Working in Nonstandard Employment

	Labor force exit					Change to standard employment
Variable	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5
Duration in current status (years)	−0.29^***	−0.25^***	−0.30^***	−0.29^***	−0.26^***	−0.09	−0.18^*	−0.08	−0.06	−0.15^*
Duration in current status (squared term)	0.01^*	0.01	0.01^*	0.01	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Education
High school or less^a
Vocational school	−0.05	−0.05	0.09	−0.01	0.12	0.27	0.28	0.41	0.20	0.38
Junior College	−0.05	−0.06	0.07	0.03	0.11	−0.10	−0.10	0.02	−0.17	−0.05
University or more	−0.69^**	−0.69^**	−0.58^*	−0.58^*	−0.50^*	−0.49	−0.46	−0.40	−0.43	−0.34
Income (logged)		−0.08^**			−0.07^*		0.30^***			0.28^***
Work orientation
Reason for choosing final school^b			−0.26^*		−0.22			−0.24		−0.3
Reason for choosing the current company^b			−0.09		−0.02			0.20		0.08
Job characteristics
Occupation
Clerical^a
Self-employed/family work				0.37^*	0.31				−1.21^***	−1.12^**
Professional/managerial				−0.28	−0.25				0.4	0.41
Manual labor				0.16	0.15				0.04	0.05
Sales/service				0.15	0.12				0.01	0.03
Firm size
Small (1–99)^a
Medium (100–499)				−0.05	−0.03				−0.06	−0.09
Large (≥ 500)				0.26	0.25				−0.31	−0.31
Public sector				−0.46	−0.50				−0.29	−0.30
Missing				0.15	0.15				−0.76	−0.73
Constant	0.17	0.49	0.25	0.07	0.43	−0.63	−1.77^*	−0.67	−0.63	−1.76
Number of person–years	3,925	3,925	3,925	3,925	3,925	3,925	3,925	3,925	3,925	3,925
Log likelihood	−1,976.86	−1,960.36	−1,973.25	−1,951.72	−1,935.75	−1,976.86	−1,960.36	−1,973.25	−1,951.72	−1,935.75

Omitted category.

Dichotomous variables coded 1 = yes, 0 = no (reference category).

p < 0.05

^**

p < 0.01

^***

p < 0.001.

Note: All models control for women’s demographic characteristics (age, parity, having interwave birth, presence of a preschooler), husbands’ characteristics (income, education, share in housework), and family characteristics (coresidence with parents[-in-law]). Supplementary tables provide results from full model.