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. 2019 Jul 26;16:97. doi: 10.1186/s12984-019-0568-y

Table 5.

Inter and intra-rater reliability, standard error of measurement, and minimal detectable change of gait parameters

Inter-rater reliability Intra-rater reliability Standard error of measurement Minimal detectable change
Speed (m/s) r = 0.970** r = 0.970** 0.04 0.12 (12.4%)
Stride length (m) r = 0.975** r = 0.982** 0.03 0.09 (8.1%)
Stride time (s) r = 0.948** r = 0.958** 0.03 0.10 (8.1%)
Step length (m) r = 0.977** r = 0.970** 0.02 0.06 (10.6%)
Step time (s) r = 0.947** r = 0.960** 0.02 0.05 (7.8%)
Step width (m) r = 0.943** r = 0.894** 0.01 0.03 (23.9%)
Cadence (step/min) r = 0.939** r = 0.951** 3.17 8.79 (8.6%)
Step asymmetry (m) r = 0.636* r = 0.767** 0.03 0.09 (103.4%)
Swing time (s) r = 0.834** r = 0.802** 0.04 0.11 (33.0%)
Double support time (s) r = 0.904** r = 0.814** 0.08 0.22 (50.7%)
Trunk obliquity (°) r = 0.846** r = 0.805** 1.01 2.80 (35.7%)
Trunk tilt (°) r = 0.905** r = 0.886** 0.77 2.15 (25.1%)
Trunk rotation (°) r = 0.913** r = 0.885** 2.62 7.25 (28.1%)
Pelvic obliquity (°) r = 0.821** r = 0.924** 2.10 5.81 (54.1%)
Pelvic tilt (°) r = 0.877** r = 0.965** 6.07 16.82 (78.4%)
Pelvic rotation (°) r = 0.968** r = 0.942** 2.42 6.70 (35.8%)
Hip abduction-adduction (°) r = 0.787** r = 0.838** 2.05 5.69 (42.0%)
Hip flexion-extension (°) r = 0.889** r = 0.862** 3.26 9.04 (16.5%)
Hip height variation (cm) r = 0.746** r = 0.856** 0.01 0.04 (56.9%)
Knee valgus-varus alignment (°) r = 0.881** r = 0.915** 2.48 6.90 (32.5%)
Knee flexion-extension (°) r = 0.893** r = 0.938** 2.59 7.17 (15.0%)
Knee height variation (cm) r = 0.829** r = 0.711** 0.08 0.22 (110.7%)
Ankle height variation (cm) r = 0.922** r = 0.859** 0.02 0.05 (29.8%)

Inter and intra-rater reliability of the spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters. Minimal detectable change is expressed in absolute values and percentage (in parentheses). *: p < 0.05. **: p < 0.01