Table 3.

Logistic regression modeling the need for SAE or failing non-operative management, vs. successful observation

Covariate	Overall (AUROC: 0.87)		Grades I and II (AUROC: 0.90)		Grade III (AUROC: 0.84)		Grade IV (AUROC: 0.71)		Grade V (AUROC: 0.90)
	OR (95% CI)	P value	OR (95% CI)	P value	OR (95% CI)	P value	OR (95% CI)	P value	OR (95% CI)	P value
Moderate/large HP vs. small	3.0 (1.3 to 6.7)	0.001	3.0 (0.7 to 11.9)	0.01	3.9 (0.9 to 16.1)	0.04	NA		19.0 (0.3 to >999)	0.27
Blush vs. not	1.5 (0.7 to 3.2)	0.29	5.9 (1.3 to 26.7)	0.02	NA		NA		NA
HR ≥120 vs. HR <120	1.2 (0.5 to 2.9)	0.71	3.2 (0.6 to 15.8)	0.16	0.2 (0.02 to 1.3)	0.08	10.6 (0.4 to 262)	0.15	NA
Male sex vs. female	1.3 (0.7 to 2.5)	0.41	6.3 (1.0 to 38.5)	0.047	NA		NA		NA
Vehicular vs. fall cause	1.3 (0.6 to 3.0)	0.27	0.4 (0.1 to 1.8)	0.48	6.1 (1.3 to 27.3)	0.02	NA		NA
Vascular injury vs. not	10.8 (2.2 to 53.7)	0.004	NA		4.8 (0.6 to 40.0)	0.15	1.5 (0.2 to 9.4)	0.67	NA
ISS (10-unit increase)	1.2 (0.9 to 1.6)	0.28	NA		NA		1.4 (0.7 to 2.9)	0.3	NA
GCS score 3–8 vs. 9–15	NA		3.1 (0.9 to 10.8)	0.08	NA		NA		NA
Blood type O vs. other	NA		NA		1.9 (0.7 to 5.2)	0.19	NA		NA
Abnormal RR vs. RR 12–20	NA		NA		1.5 (0.5 to 4.6)	0.48	NA		NA
Age (10-unit increase)	NA		NA		1.4 (1.1 to 1.8)	0.02	NA		NA
BSI grade (continuous)	2.7 (1.9 to 3.8)	< 0.001	NA		NA		NA

*Variables marginally associated in the univariate analysis (p<0.20) were included in the final multivariate logistic regression model. NA indicates that the covariate was not examined in the specific model. Bolding denotes significance <0.05.

AUROC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; BSI, blunt splenic injury;GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale;HP, hemoperitoneum;HR, heart rate;ISS, Injury Severity Score;RR, respiratory rate; SAE, splenic artery embolization.