TABLE 2.
Prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of anthropometric and biochemical noncommunicable disease risk factors, by sex, in the Noncommunicable Disease Surveillance study population in Santiago Atitlán, Guatemala, 2012–2013
Variable |
Overall (n = 296a) % [95% CI] |
Men (n = 83) % [95% CI] |
Women (n = 213) % [95% CI] |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
Anthropometric risk factorsb | ||||
Body mass index (BMI) |
Normalc |
38.6 [31.2, 46.0] |
57.5 [45.5, 69.8] |
20.8 [14.5, 27.1] |
|
Overweightc |
36.7 [29.5, 42.6] |
30.1 [19.1, 41.1] |
41.9 [34.2, 49.6] |
|
Obesec |
25.2 [19.5, 30.9] |
12.4 [5.3, 19.6] |
37.3 [29.8, 44.8] |
Central obesityc |
45.1 [38.1, 52.1] |
14.8 [6.5, 23.1] |
73.6 [66.3, 80.3] |
|
Obesity by percentage body fat (BFP)c |
55.3 [48.0, 62.5] |
35.7 [24.5, 46.9] |
73.8 [66.5, 81.0] |
|
Stunted |
79.8 [73.8, 85.8] |
76.7 [66.1, 87.3] |
82.7 [76.9, 88.6] |
|
Hypertension |
18.3 [13.1, 23.6] |
20.0 [10.9, 29.2] |
16.8 [11.5, 22.1] |
|
Known hypertension |
3.3 [0.64, 6.1] |
4.3 [0.0, 9.5] |
2.4 [0.5, 4.4] |
|
Previously unknown hypertension |
15.0 [10.3, 19.7] |
15.7 [7.6, 23.9] |
14.3 [9.3, 19.4] |
|
Biochemical risk factorsb | ||||
Diabetes mellitus (DM) |
3.0 [1.1, 4.8] |
1.3 [0.0, 3.2] |
4.6 [1.6, 7.7] |
|
Known DM |
1.3 [0.1, 2.5] |
1.3 [0.0, 3.2] |
1.4 [0.0, 2.9] |
|
Unknown DM |
1.7 [0.3, 3.0] |
|
3.2 [0.5, 5.9] |
|
Hypercholesterolemia |
11.9 [7.4, 16.5] |
9.7 [2.6, 16.8] |
14.1 [8.4, 19.7] |
|
Low HDL cholesterol |
82.7 [76.9, 88.5] |
78.0 [67.5, 88.5] |
87.2 [81.8, 92.7] |
|
Elevated LDL |
5.0 [2.2, 7.8] |
3.9 [0.0, 7.8] |
6.0 [2.0, 9.9] |
|
Hypertriglyceridemia |
64.0 [56.9, 71.1] |
65.1 [53.0, 77.2] |
62.9 [55.3, 70.5] |
|
Metabolic syndromec |
36.0 [29.2, 42.8] |
14.7 [6.2, 23.3] |
56.7 [48.4, 65.0] |
|
Behavioral risk factors | ||||
Current tobacco use |
6.3 [2.5, 10.0] |
13.0 [5.4, 20.6] |
0.0 |
|
Alcohol within last 12 months |
9.4 [4.9, 13.9] |
19.6 [10.6, 28.6] |
0.0 |
|
<5 Servings of fruits and vegetables per day |
91.6 [88.4, 94.8] |
95.0 [90.5, 99.5] |
88.4 [83.7, 93.0] |
|
Sedentaryc |
75.0 [68.7, 81.2] |
64.5 [53.3, 75.7] |
84.7 [79.2, 90.3] |
|
Data Source: NCDS Study.
Number of subjects with complete anthropometric and biochemical data.
Overweight: BMI 25-29.9; Obese: BMI ≥30; Central obesity: Waist circumference ≥90 cm in men or ≥80 cm in women; Obesity by BFP: ≥25% body fat in men or ≥35% body fat in women; Stunted: Height ≤162 cm in men or ≤150 cm in women; Hypertension: Systolic ≥140 mmHg or diastolic ≥90 mmHg; Diabetes: Fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL; Hypercholesterolemia: Total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL; Low HDL: HDL ≤40 mg/dL in men or ≤50 mg/dL in women; High LDL: LDL ≥130 mg/dL; Hypertriglyceridemia: Triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL; Metabolic syndrome by IDF criteria; Sedentary: <60 min of moderate-intense physical activity per week.
P < 0.05 for difference between men and women by logistic regression.