(A) Model-predicted treatment outcomes of radiotherapy (RT) alone, RT after surgical resection (SR), and RT before surgical resection (RS) for tumors of 108 viable cancer cells pretreatment and increasing strength of RT-induced immunostimulation (q, day−1 in Equation 2) in a cohort of virtual patients with different combinations of tumor growth rate (r) and immune recruitment rate (f) in response to tumor burden. Radiation is delivered to a total dose of 50 Gy in 25 daily fractions at 2 Gy per day, 5 days per week. Tumor control (TC) by treatment (blue) and progressive disease (PD; red) refer to tumor eradication and escape after treatment, respectively. (B) Time evolution of tumor and effector T cells corresponding to the locations marked by diamonds, triangles, and stars in panel A.