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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Biochem Sci. 2018 Dec 15;44(3):241–257. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.11.008

Figure 2. Key Figure: Multiscale Pharmacokinetic Challenges.

Figure 2

Determining the pharmacokinetic outcomes of a drug must be approached with careful consideration of the relevant physiological length scales associated with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity. These scales and their challenges are summarized in this figure ranging from the systemic level to the molecular level.