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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Biochem Sci. 2018 Dec 15;44(3):241–257. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.11.008

Figure 3. Constrained Peptide Types.

Figure 3

A. Linear peptides are those containing no backbone cyclization (between termini or residues). Enfuvirtide is a 36 amino acid linear peptide for HIV treatment. The complete 3D structure is not yet available; however a truncated structure lacking 8 C-terminal residues is shown (PDB 5Y14). B. Cyclosporin A is an immunosuppressant natural product cyclic peptide with a completely cyclic backbone, therefore containing no terminus. It has several N-methylations in its backbone (PDB 1QNG). C. Cyclotides are cyclic peptides with intramolecular disulfide bonds (3 shown in yellow), termed cysteine knots. Kalata B1 is a natural product cyclotide commonly used as a scaffold for its physical and chemical stability (PDB 1NB1). D. Stabilized peptides encompass peptides having residues chemically cross-linked by any one of various methods such as those outlined in Figure 1. ATSP-7041 is a clinical-lead all-hydrocarbon stapled peptide by Aileron Therapeutics for inhibiting MDM2 in relevant cancer types (PDB 4N5T).