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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Psychiatry. 2019 Jan 18;176(3):208–216. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.18040425

Table 1.

Demographic, symptom and hormone levels for children with anxiety disorders (ADs) and controls.

Demographics Control AD p-values Control Girls AD Girls p-values Control Boys AD Boys p-values
 Total; number (% female) 46 (50%) 52 (51%) 0.854 23 (100%) 27 (100%) 23 (0%) 25 (0%)
 Age (years); mean (SD) 10.58 (1.29) 10.42 (1.33) 0.701 10.74 (1.32) 10.50 (1.23) 0.633 10.38 (1.30) 10.39 (1.43) 0.987
 IQ (WASI); mean (SD) 119.52 (13.44) 117.42 (13.52) 0.377 119.00 (16.33) 116.12(12.81) 0.313 120.04(10.11) 118.72(14.33) 0.696
 Physical development (Tanner); mean (SD) 3.93 (2.06) 4.04 (1.87) 0.14 4.20 (2.09) 4.65 (2.00) 0.095 3.36 (1.71) 3.67 (1.86) 0.607
Symptom measure scores
 Anxiety (parent SCARED); mean (SD) 7.21 (8.83) 28.59 (12.71) <0.001* 6.01 (6.13) 29.56(12.00) <0.001* 6.10 (8.26) 27.78(13.15) <0.001*
 Anxiety (child SCARED); mean (SD) 13.41 (11.26) 25.93 (13.71) <0.001* 12.44 (9.93) 31.20(13.73) <0.001* 11.92 (9.23) 21.36(12.52) 0.005*
 Depression (CDI); mean (SD) 28.68 (18.87) 38.52 (21.21) <0.001* 27.18(18.96) 44.81(21.26) <0.001* 27.52(17.73) 33.32(19.80) 0.010*
 ADHD (CPRS-R); mean (SD) 45.67 (6.91) 61.06 (12.74) <0.001* 46.05 (4.68) 65.40(14.24) <0.001* 42.74 (2.68) 57.25 (9.34) <0.001*
Endocrines Measures
 Cortisol (Saliva); mean (SD) 0.100 (0.038) 0.102 (0.039) 0.894 0.095(0.042) 0.107(0.041) 0.738 0.104(0.033) 0.095(0.036) 0.505
 Testosterone (Saliva); mean (SD) 24.113(9.322) 22.628(12.330) 0.216 28.538(8.449) 25.389(14.719) 0.155 18.883(7.659) 19.176(7.579) 0.469
 Estradiol (Saliva); mean (SD) 0.778 (0.313) 0.648 (0.350) 0.037* 0.788(0.377) 0.650(0.415) 0.184 0.766(0.233) 0.645(0.261) 0.205
*

indicates two-tailed significance