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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Aug 10.
Published in final edited form as: Neuroscience. 2019 Jul 2;413:252–263. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.06.028

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Cocaine self-administration and forced abstinence produces an anxiogenic-like phenotype. (A) Experimental timeline. (B) Self-administration training active vs inactive data for intravenous cocaine and saline rats. (C). Intra-VTA infusion of saline in cocaine abstinence rats showed decreased open arm time in the elevated plus maze, compared to I.V. saline abstinence rats. Error bars indicate the standard error from the mean (SEM). * p < 0.001 (open arm time for saline abstinent vs. cocaine abstinent rats, t-test)