Table 4.
Percentage difference1,2 in creatinine-corrected bisphenol concentrations (μg/g creatinine) by baseline characteristics among SELF participants
| BPA |
BPF |
BPS |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | N | % | Unadj. pct. diff. | Adj. pct. diff. | Adj. 95% CI | Unadj. pct. diff. | Adj. pct. diff. | Adj. 95% CI | Unadj. pct. diff. | Adj. pct. diff. | Adj. 95% CI |
| Age (yrs) | |||||||||||
| 23–25 | 184 | 24.0 | 4.2 | 7.8 | (−9.5, 28.4) | −6.0 | −7.9 | (−41.1, 44.0) | −2.1 | 0.9 | (−22.1, 30.5) |
| 26–28 | 191 | 24.9 | 6.5 | 9.1 | (−7.7, 28.9) | −33.7 | −39.2 | (−60.4, −6.5) | 2.7 | −1.6 | (−23.2, 26.0) |
| 29–31 | 204 | 26.6 | 3.3 | 1.9 | (−13.1, 19.4) | −0.8 | −14.1 | (−42.8, 28.9) | −2.6 | −3.6 | (−23.7, 21.8) |
| 32–35 | 187 | 24.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference |
| Season of urine collection | |||||||||||
| Spring (March, April, May) | 161 | 21.0 | −3.5 | −1.0 | (−17.3, 18.4) | 51.0 | 48.2 | (−5.6, 132.7) | 5.5 | 9.5 | (−15.6, 42.0) |
| Summer (June, July, August) | 243 | 31.7 | 16.6 | 17.0 | (−0.7, 37.8) | 94.3 | 91.5 | (26.7, 189.4) | 30.9 | 33.6 | (5.3, 69.5) |
| Autumn (September, October, November) | 224 | 29.2 | 7.0 | 6.9 | (−9.6, 26.3) | 61.2 | 57.9 | (2.6, 142.8) | 22.8 | 23.2 | (−3.9, 57.9) |
| Winter (December, January, February) | 138 | 18.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference |
| Marital status | |||||||||||
| Never married | 439 | 57.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference |
| Currently married | 217 | 28.3 | −0.1 | −1.0 | (−14.3, 14.3) | 20.2 | 13.8 | (−21.1, 64.2) | 0.1 | −2.1 | (−20.7, 20.9) |
| Previously married | 110 | 14.4 | 3.2 | 3.5 | (−12.6, 22.5) | 20.3 | 13.6 | (−26.5, 75.4) | −5.7 | −7.3 | (−27.9, 19.1) |
| Education | |||||||||||
| ≤High school diploma/GED | 163 | 21.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference |
| Some college/Associates/Technical | 393 | 51.3 | −12.6 | −9.0 | (−22.4, 6.6) | −19.4 | −21.6 | (−47.8, 17.7) | −15.5 | 2.0 | (−19.3, 29.0) |
| ≥Bachelors degree | 210 | 27.4 | −22.6 | −15.7 | (−31.7, 4.1) | −38.6 | −31.4 | (−59.9, 17.4) | −34.3 | −1.2 | (−27.6, 34.6) |
| Household income | |||||||||||
| <$20,000 | 351 | 45.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference |
| $20,000–$50,000 | 289 | 37.7 | −4.1 | 8.0 | (−6.0, 24.1) | 14.0 | 9.6 | (−23.2, 56.5) | −31.3 | −25.7 | (−39.5, −8.7) |
| >$50,000 | 126 | 16.5 | −13.1 | 5.4 | (−13.3, 28.1) | −28.2 | −23.7 | (−53.6, 25.3) | −31.9 | −21.3 | (−40.9, 4.8) |
| Smoking status | |||||||||||
| Never | 561 | 73.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference |
| Past | 60 | 7.8 | 22.3 | 16.7 | (−5.7, 44.5) | −11.1 | −15.1 | (−50.4, 45.5) | −9.5 | −21.5 | (−42.4, 7.1) |
| Current | 145 | 18.9 | 17.4 | 11.7 | (−5.5, 32.1) | 12.9 | 3.5 | (−32.7, 59.1) | 48.3 | 25.6 | (−2.0, 60.9) |
| Alcohol use within the last year | |||||||||||
| None | 217 | 28.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference |
| 1–5 drinks/day or ≥4 drinks once per month or less | 394 | 51.4 | −1.8 | 0.2 | (−12.5, 14.8) | −11.4 | −8.8 | (−35.5, 29.0) | 0.6 | 6.0 | (−13.2, 29.4) |
| ≥6 drinks/day or ≥4 drinks twice per month or more | 155 | 20.2 | 2.7 | −3.8 | (−18.8, 14.0) | 12.4 | 11.1 | (−27.9, 71.4) | 22.7 | 13.4 | (−11.7, 45.5) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||||||||||
| <25.0 | 146 | 19.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference |
| 25.0–29.9 | 160 | 20.9 | 15.0 | 15.6 | (−3.1, 38.0) | −3.2 | −15.2 | (−46.1, 33.2) | 20.9 | 21.6 | (−6.3, 57.8) |
| 30.0–34.9 | 150 | 19.6 | 7.4 | 6.5 | (−11.4, 28.0) | 72.8 | 55.3 | (−2.8, 148.2) | 23.7 | 24.6 | (−4.9, 63.3) |
| ≥35.0 | 310 | 40.5 | 23.1 | 19.8 | (1.9, 40.8) | 55.1 | 31.7 | (−12.9, 99.1) | 45.9 | 39.7 | (10.1, 77.3) |
| Age at menarche | |||||||||||
| ≤10 | 127 | 16.6 | −12.7 | −16.3 | (−29.8, −0.3) | 49.5 | 37.7 | (−11.9, 115.1) | −2.7 | −9.0 | (−29.7, 17.7) |
| 11 | 162 | 21.2 | −13.3 | −13.1 | (−26.1, 2.3) | −3.9 | −6.1 | (−37.9, 42.2) | −4.2 | −0.4 | (−21.6, 26.5) |
| 12 | 208 | 27.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference |
| 13 | 132 | 17.2 | −15.1 | −13.7 | (−27.3, 2.4) | −46.6 | −43.8 | (−63.7, −12.8) | −4.3 | −3.9 | (−25.4, 23.7) |
| ≥14 | 137 | 17.9 | −17.0 | −16.6 | (−29.8, −0.9) | 10.8 | 15.0 | (−26.0, 78.5) | −16.3 | −11.9 | (−31.7, 13.5) |
| Parity (births) | |||||||||||
| 0 | 292 | 38.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference |
| 1 | 208 | 27.2 | 6.2 | 6.7 | (−7.9, 23.6) | 22.9 | 15.3 | (−20.9, 68.0) | 14.5 | 15.8 | (−6.8, 43.9) |
| 2 | 130 | 17.0 | 9.4 | 5.2 | (−12.0, 25.7) | 53.1 | 31.9 | (−16.4, 108.2) | 39.4 | 37.5 | (5.7, 78.9) |
| ≥3 | 136 | 17.8 | 21.0 | 17.5 | (−2.1, 41.1) | 7.0 | −12.2 | (−45.0, 40.2) | 45.8 | 40.8 | (7.5, 84.4) |
| Sunscreen use | |||||||||||
| Never/hardly ever | 575 | 75.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference | 0.0 | 0.0 | Reference |
| Sometimes | 104 | 13.6 | −13.9 | −9.5 | (−23.6, 7.3) | 0.2 | 20.1 | (−22.4, 85.7) | −9.6 | 6.2 | (−17.4, 36.6) |
| Often/always | 87 | 11.4 | −9.6 | −3.1 | (−19.2, 16.1) | 28.4 | 35.4 | (−15.0, 115.7) | −9.3 | 4.7 | (−20.0, 36.9) |
1
Abbreviation: GED, General Educational Diploma
2
Unadj models are bivariate models with each correlate modeled separately. Adj. models are adjusted for all correlates.