Table 2.
Regression results of main specification
| Variables | Diabetes prevalence | Mean BMI | Overweight prevalence | Obesity prevalence | Hypertension prevalence | Mean systolic blood pressure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV | 0.058 (0.018 to 0.098)*** | 0.665 (−1.813 to 3.142) | 0.111 (−0.023 to 0.245) | 0.147 (0.025 to 0.269)** | −0.096 (−0.305 to 0.112) | −17.385 (−41.736 to 6.965) |
| ART | 0.046 (0.026 to 0.066)*** | 1.229 (−0.558 to 3.016) | 0.073 (−0.037 to 0.182) | 0.140 (0.048 to 0.232)*** | −0.090 (−0.286 to 0.106) | −8.324 (−24.783 to 8.134) |
| BMI | 0.009 (0.006 to 0.012)*** | 0.003 (−0.019 to 0.024) | 0.425 (−1.336 to 2.186) | |||
| Education | −0.012 (−0.021 to −0.003)*** | 0.298 (−0.231 to 0.828) | 0.009 (−0.014 to 0.032) | −0.003 (−0.023 to 0.017) | −0.006 (−0.049 to 0.037) | −0.085 (−3.868 to 3.697) |
| Income | 0.000 (−0.002 to 0.002) | −0.077 (−0.327 to 0.172) | −0.001 (−0.011 to 0.009) | −0.005 (−0.013 to 0.004) | 0.009 (−0.010 to 0.028) | 0.694 (−1.096 to 2.483) |
| Age 20 to 39 | −0.000 (−0.034 to 0.033) | −2.067 (−4.343 to 0.209)* | 0.012 (−0.148 to 0.172) | −0.003 (−0.144 to 0.138) | 0.150 (−0.183 to 0.482) | 11.038 (−17.281 to 39.356) |
| Age 40 to 59 | 0.051 (0.009 to 0.094)** | 3.951 (0.223 to 7.679)** | 0.230 (0.019 to 0.440)** | 0.234 (0.056 to 0.413)** | −0.480 (−0.797 to −0.162)*** | −32.407 (−54.985 to −9.829)*** |
| Age 60+ | −0.130 (−0.298 to 0.037) | −2.709 (−14.449 to 9.030) | 0.284 (−0.343 to 0.911) | 0.547 (0.034 to 1.061)** | −0.612 (−1.747 to 0.523) | −23.994 (−120.622 to 72.635) |
| Year | 0.001 (0.001 to 0.001)*** | 0.074 (0.062 to 0.086)*** | 0.005 (0.005 to 0.006)*** | 0.003 (0.002 to 0.003)*** | −0.001 (−0.003 to 0.001) | −0.028 (−0.182 to 0.126) |
| Constant | −1.726 (−2.210 to −1.242)*** | −124.831 (−148.020 to −101.642)*** | −10.246 (−11.217 to −9.274)*** | −5.248 (−6.134 to −0.363) *** | 1.624 (−1.645 to 4.894) | 174.603 (−94.830 to 444.037) |
| Observations | 559 | 578 | 578 | 578 | 578 | 578 |
| Number of countries | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.973 | 0.942 | 0.981 | 0.951 | 0.254 | 0.181 |
Results of linear regressions; 95% confidence intervals in brackets; *p < 0.1, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01; all models adjusted for fixed effects; outcome variables: diabetes prevalence in percent; country‐level mean BMI (kg/m2); overweight as prevalence of BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 in percent; overweight as prevalence of BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 in percent; prevalence of raised blood pressure in percent; country‐level mean systolic blood pressure (mm Hg).