Table 2.
Mean scores for problematic smartphone use or degree of attachment to Smartphone in Koreans and Australians. Standard deviations are in parentheses.
| Items | Koreans | Australians | F value | p value | ɳp2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Missing planned work due to smartphone use | 3.12 (1.37) | 2.52 (1.49) | 14.38 | <.001 | .037 |
| 2. Having a hard time concentrating in class, while doing assignments, or while working due to smartphone use | 3.13 (1.32) | 3.23 (1.56) | .37 | .544 | .001 |
| 3. Feeling pain in the wrists or at the back of the neck while using a smartphone | 2.82 (1.62) | 2.45 (1.41) | 5.15 | .024 | .013 |
| 4. Won't be able to stand not having a smartphone | 4.07 (1.49) | 3.44 (1.66) | 12.68 | <.001 | .032 |
| 5. Feeling impatient and fretful when I am not holding my smartphone | 2.82 (1.36) | 2.49 (1.41) | 4.47 | .035 | .012 |
| 6. Having my smartphone in my mind even when I am not using it | 2.61 (1.27) | 2.36 (1.25) | 3.22 | .074 | .008 |
| 7. I will never give up using my smartphone even when my daily life is already greatly affected by it. | 3.21 (1.44) | 2.59 (1.38) | 15.97 | <.001 | .041 |
| 8. Constantly checking my smartphone so as not to miss conversations between other people on Twitter or Facebook | 3.07 (1.44) | 2.76 (1.49) | 3.84 | .051 | .010 |
| 9. Using my smartphone longer than I had intended | 4.06 (1.27) | 4.36 (1.30) | 4.47 | .035 | .012 |
| 10. The people around me tell me that I use my smartphone too much. | 2.85 (1.52) | 2.42 (1.45) | 7.18 | .008 | .019 |
| Total (Overall) | 31.62 (9.69) | 28.61 (9.32) | 9.16 | .003 | .024 |