Fig. 7.

Time courses of 2-KGA production by intermittent fed-batch culturing in a 15 L fermenter. G. japonicus-Δga5dh-1-ga2dh-A was cultivated in a 15 L fermenter at 30 °C, 600 rpm, 4 vvm and 0.05 MPa. The initial glucose concentration was 100 g L⁻¹, and 140 g L⁻¹ glucose was intermittently fed in seven steps. The by-product D-GA was completely converted into 2-KGA, maximum 2-KGA production reached 239.4 g/L, and the fermentation period was reduced to 80 h. Squares = glucose, circles = D-GA, white triangles = OD₆₀₀ values, black triangles = 2-KGA.