Table 3.

The biological implications of MCT1 and MCT4.

Item	MCT1	MCT4	Reference
Main substrate	Lactate, pyruvate, butyrate, acetoacetate, β-hydroxybutyrate, XP13512, GHB	Lactate, pyruvate, acetoacetate, β-hydroxybutyrate	Halestrap et al.45 Pierre and Pellerin46
Tissue expression	Kidney, stomach, intestine, liver, heart, skeletal muscle, prostate, testis, eye, lung, placenta, blood and brain	Skeletal muscle, kidney, liver, brain, stomach, testis, eye, leukocytes, placenta, lung, heart, blood, chondrocytes	Halestrap et al.45 Pierre and Pellerin46 Pellerin et al.47
Targeting drugs/inhibitors	- AZD3965 (Cayman Chemical Company) - 7ACC2 (Cayman Chemical Company) - Syrosingopine (INDOFINE Chemical Company, Inc.)	Syrosingopine	Curtis et al.48 Halford et al.49 Corbetet et al.50 Benjamin et al.51
Clinical relevance of aberrant expression	- Multiple cancers (colon, breast, prostate, pancreas, glioblastoma, cervix) - EIHI, IBD, ketoacidosis	- Multiple cancers (colon, breast, prostate, pancreas, ccRCC) - Obesity, RA	Thibault et al.52 Tosur et al.53 Balasubramaniam et al.54 Fisel et al.55

ccRCC, clear cell renal cell carcinoma; EIHI, exercise induced hyperinsulinism; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; RA, rheumatoid arthritis.