Table 1.

Refined CFIR constructs and key findings regarding HPV-positive women’s experiences with a referral-based cryotherapy treatment strategy

Construct	Topics covered	Key findings
Intervention characteristics
Relative advantage	What are the advantages of the proposed treatment model?	Offered free of charge, outpatient
Adaptability	What are other models of treatment that would facilitate increased access?  What are factors of the current treatment model that could be improved?	Decentralised treatment or transportation support would improve the model
Complexity	Perceptions of treatment feasibility and sustainability  What is the participant’s understanding of the screening and treatment cascade?	Women had unanswered questions after treatment regarding follow-up, need for medication or potential impact on fertility
Outer setting
Patient needs and resources	What can the health facilities do to facilitate patient treatment acquisition?	Provider respect was high
Inner setting
Culture	What is the level and impact of male support?  How could community leader involvement facilitate treatment?	Male financial and moral support were important to treatment acquisition Many were concerned about post-treatment abstinence or re-infection Ambivalence about community leader involvement
Access to knowledge and information	How can outreach and education strategies be improved?  How does peer education and support impact treatment acquisition?	Peer education noted in both educating about screening and encouraging treatment
Characteristics of individuals
Knowledge and beliefs about the intervention	Did women understand the meaning of a positive HPV result?  Did women understand the process and availability of treatment?  Do women understand the importance of treatment for their health?	Role of HPV in development of cancer was well understood, however some women equated an HPV-positive result with cancer Women knew that early treatment would be simpler than treatment for advanced disease
Self-efficacy	Do women prioritise accessing treatment for their health?  How do health beliefs and self-efficacy impact women’s ability to overcome barriers to treatment?	Women felt knowing HPV status allowed them to move on a health action (treatment) Treatment had an empowering influence Post-treatment, women felt that they could/should be role models
Individual stage of change	What role do peer networks or social support play in treatment access?  What role do individual health beliefs play in reactions or decisions about treatment for a positive HPV test?	Women felt relief at knowing HPV status Fear surrounding HPV result and association with cancer led to some inaction

CFIR, Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.