Table 3.
Age-adjusted predicted changes in means and prevalences of cardiovascular risk factors between the SAMINOR 1 (2003–2004) and SAMINOR 2 (2012–2014) in non-Sami and Sami women (n=6624)
| Linear regression | Non-Sami (n=4122) | Sami (n=2502) | Interaction† | Overall (n=6624) | |||
| β (95% CI) | P value | β (95% CI) | P value | P value | β (95% CI) | P value | |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | −0.51 (−0.57 to –0.45) | <0.001 | −0.47 (−0.55 to –0.39) | <0.001 | 0.86 | −0.50 (−0.54 to–0.45) | <0.001 |
| SAMINOR 1, mean‡ | 6.24 (6.19 to 6.30) | 6.24 (6.16 to 6.32) | 6.25 (6.20 to 6.29) | ||||
| SAMINOR 2, mean‡ | 5.73 (5.67 to 5.79) | 5.77 (5.70 to 5.85) | 5.75 (5.70 to 5.79) | ||||
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 0.05 (0.03 to 0.07) | <0.001 | −0.02 (-0.04 to 0.01) | 0.14 | <0.001 | * | |
| SAMINOR 1, mean‡ | 1.51 (1.49 to 1.53) | 1.47 (1.45 to 1.49) | |||||
| SAMINOR 2, mean‡ | 1.56 (1.54 to 1.58) | 1.45 (1.43 to 1.48) | |||||
| Triglycerides, mmol/L§ | −0.02 (−0.05 to 0.004) | 0.10 | 0.03 (0.004 to 0.07) | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.002 (−0.02 to 0.02) | 0.87 |
| SAMINOR 1, meanঠ| 1.43 (1.40 to 1.47) | 1.48 (1.43 to 1.53) | 1.45 (1.43 to 1.48) | ||||
| SAMINOR 2, meanঠ| 1.40 (1.37 to 1.44) | 1.53 (1.49 to 1.58) | 1.46 (1.43 to 1.48) | ||||
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | −3.9 (−4.86 to–2.98) | <0.001 | −3.0 (−4.23 to –1.81) | <0.001 | 0.10 | −3.6 (−4.36 to –2.88) | <0.001 |
| SAMINOR 1, mean‡ | 134.7 (133.8 to 135.6) | 132.4 (131.2 to 133.7) | 133.9 (133.2 to 134.6) | ||||
| SAMINOR 2, mean‡ | 130.8 (129.9 to 131.7) | 129.4 (128.3 to 130.6) | 130.3 (129.6 to 131.0) | ||||
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | −0.9 (−1.38 to –0.33) | 0.002 | −1.1 (−1.77 to–0.46) | 0.001 | 0.39 | −1.0 (−1.39 to,–0.57) | <0.001 |
| SAMINOR 1, mean‡ | 73.9 (73.4 to 74.4) | 73.4 (72.7 to 74.1) | 73.7 (73.3 to 74.1) | ||||
| SAMINOR 2, mean‡ | 73.0 (72.5 to 73.6) | 72.3 (71.6 to 72.9) | 72.7 (72.3 to 73.2) | ||||
| Waist circumference, cm | 7.0 (6.41 to 7.49) | <0.001 | 6.1 (5.44 to 6.76) | <0.001 | 0.26 | 6.7 (6.24 to 7.07) | <0.001 |
| SAMINOR 1, mean‡ | 86.4 (85.83 to 87.00) | 88.0 (87.29 to 88.78) | 87.0 (86.55 to 87.45) | ||||
| SAMINOR 2, mean‡ | 93.3 (92.75 to 93.94) | 94.1 (93.43 to 94.85) | 93.7 (93.20 to 94.11) | ||||
| 10-Year risk of AMI or CS, %§ | −0.19 (−0.22 to –0.17) | <0.001 | −0.13 (−0.16 to –0.09) | <0.001 | 0.011 | * | |
| SAMINOR 1, meanঠ| 4.16 (4.05 to 4.26) | 3.91 (3.77 to 4.05) | |||||
| SAMINOR 2, meanঠ| 3.43 (3.33 to 3.52) | 3.44 (3.32 to 3.56) | |||||
| Logistic regression | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value |
| Anti-hypertensive treatment | 0.96 (0.85 to 1.09) | 0.51 | 0.98 (0.83 to 1.16) | 0.82 | 0.77 | 0.96 (0.87 to 1.07) | 0.47 |
| SAMINOR 1, prevalence %‡ | 24.0 (22.10 to 25.80) | 22.9 (20.34 to 25.36) | 23.6 (22.11 to 25.10) | ||||
| SAMINOR 2, prevalence %‡ | 23.2 (21.17 to 25.24) | 22.5 (20.04 to 24.98) | 23.0 (21.38 to 24.53) | ||||
| Hypertension | 0.77 (0.68 to 0.86) | <0.001 | 0.79 (0.68 to 0.93) | 0.003 | 0.56 | 0.77 (0.70 to 0.85) | <0.001 |
| SAMINOR 1, prevalence %‡ | 47.4 (45.12 to 49.72) | 44.5 (41.37 to 47.68) | 46.3 (44.47 to 48.20) | ||||
| SAMINOR 2, prevalence %‡ | 40.8 (38.39 to 43.25) | 38.9 (35.90 to 41.79) | 40.1 (38.18 to 41.94) | ||||
| Current smokers | 0.59 (0.53 to 0.66) | <0.001 | 0.74 (0.64 to 0.85) | <0.001 | 0.10 | 0.65 (0.59 to 0.71) | <0.001 |
| SAMINOR 1, prevalence %‡ | 31.0 (29.07 to 32.90) | 27.9 (25.28 to 30.45) | 29.8 (28.26 to 31.34) | ||||
| SAMINOR 2, prevalence %‡ | 21.0 (19.26 to 22.76) | 22.3 (20.07 to 24.46) | 21.6 (20.21 to 22.94) |
*ß coefficients are estimated by linear generalised estimating equation regression models and adjusted for age and age2. ORs are estimated by logistic generalised estimating equation regression models and adjusted for age.
*P value for interaction <0.05, only ethnicity-specific estimations are reported.
†Test of interaction between survey and ethnicity in overall model. If p value for interaction >0.05, interaction term was excluded from the overall model.
‡Predicted means/prevalences at age 57.5 years, which is the mean age for women in the overall sample.
§Outcome variables are log-transformed.
¶Predicted geometric means at age 57.5 years.
Number of missing values: total and HDL cholesterol and triglycerides were missing in 18 subjects; systolic and diastolic blood pressure were missing in four subjects; hypertension in three subjects. NORRISK 2 score was missing for 193 subjects. Excluding missing values did not ange the results.
AMI, acute myocardial infarction; CS, cerebral stroke; HDL, high-density lipoprotein.