Table 3. Cross-tabulation of Self-rated Fair or Poor General Health Across Potential Markers of Confounding and Green Space Variables.

Variable	Self-rated Fair or Poor General Health
	Prevalence			Incidence
	Value	χ2 Value	P Value	Value	χ2 Value	P Value
Total No. (% affirmative responses)	45 577 (9.0)	NA	NA	40 741 (7.3)	NA	NA
Sex
Male		4.55	.03		26.77	<.001
Subtotal, No.	21 166			18 767
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	9.26 (8.88-9.66)			8.00 (7.62-8.40)
Female
Subtotal, No.	24 411			21 974
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	8.69 (8.35-9.05)			6.67 (6.34-7.00)
Age group, y
45-54		165.35	<.001		971.70	<.001
Subtotal, No.	15 119			13 821
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	7.83 (7.41-8.27)			4.82 (4.47-5.19)
55-64
Subtotal, No.	16 200			14 671
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	8.22 (7.80-8.65)			5.45 (5.09-5.83)
65-74
Subtotal, No.	8928			7864
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	9.59 (8.99-10.22)			9.10 (8.49-9.76)
≥75
Subtotal, No.	5330			4385
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	13.36 (12.47-14.30)			17.92 (16.82-19.09)
Annual household income, AUD$a
0-19 999		1300.00	<.001		761.19	<.001
Subtotal, No.	5428			4170
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	20.49 (19.43-21.58)			15.25 (14.19-16.38)
20 000-29 999
Subtotal, No.	3205			2741
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	12.23 (11.14-13.41)			11.46 (10.32-12.70)
30 000-39 999
Subtotal, No.	3067			2754
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	8.41 (7.48-9.45)			8.75 (7.75-9.87)
40 000-49 999
Subtotal, No.	3152			2844
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	8.22 (7.31-9.23)			7.81 (6.88-8.85)
50 000-69 999
Subtotal, No.	5298			4856
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	6.96 (6.31-7.68)			5.87 (5.24-6.57)
≥70 000
Subtotal, No.	17 504			16 463
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	4.90 (4.59-5.23)			4.06 (3.77-4.37)
Not stated
Subtotal, No.	7923			6913
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	10.55 (9.89-11.25)			8.69 (8.05-9.38)
Highest educational qualification
None		752.66	<.001		419.92	<.001
Subtotal, No.	2785			2178
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	19.35 (17.93-20.86)			14.33 (12.92-15.86)
School
Subtotal, No.	7794			6762
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	11.42 (10.73-12.14)			8.99 (8.33-9.70)
High school
Subtotal, No.	4297			3756
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	10.80 (9.90-11.76)			8.23 (7.39-9.15)
Trade
Subtotal, No.	4071			3511
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	11.74 (10.79-12.77)			10.60 (9.62-11.66)
Certificate or diploma
Subtotal, No.	10 153			9240
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	7.51 (7.01-8.03)			6.62 (6.13-7.15)
University
Subtotal, No.	16 061			14 951
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	5.55 (5.20-5.91)			4.74 (4.41-5.09)
Not stated
Subtotal, No.	416			343
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	14.18 (11.15-17.88)			13.41 (10.19-17.45)
Economic status
Employed		2300.00	<.001		584.94	<.001
Subtotal, No.	25 482			23 679
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	5.96 (5.67-6.25)			4.81 (4.54-5.09)
Retired
Subtotal, No.	16 263			14 055
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	11.06 (10.58-11.55)			10.94 (10.44-11.47)
Unemployed
Subtotal, No.	616			470
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	22.24 (19.13-25.70)			12.13 (9.47-15.41)
Unpaid work
Subtotal, No.	646			586
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	7.89 (6.05-10.24)			6.48 (4.75-8.79)
Disabled
Subtotal, No.	539			209
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	60.11 (55.91-64.17)			20.57 (15.62-26.61)
Homemaker
Subtotal, No.	1498			1307
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	11.35 (9.84-13.06)			7.35 (6.05-8.89)
Other (eg, study)
Subtotal, No.	533			435
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	15.95 (13.08-19.31)			12.87 (10.04-16.37)
Couple status
Not in a couple		83.98	<.001		35.48	<.001
Subtotal, No.	9876			8395
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	13.05 (12.40-13.73)			10.29 (9.66-10.96)
In a couple
Subtotal, No.	35 701			32 346
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	7.83 (7.55-8.11)			6.50 (6.24-6.78)
χ2 Value	259.02			141.81
P value	<.001			<.001
Total green space, %
0-4
Subtotal, No.	722			611
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	13.02 (10.75-15.68)			5.40 (3.86-7.50)
5-9
Subtotal, No.	10 734			9507
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	9.74 (9.19-10.31)			7.49 (6.98-8.04)
10-19
Subtotal, No.	12 102			10 716
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	9.49 (8.98-10.03)			8.03 (7.53-8.56)
20-29
Subtotal, No.	12 423			11 086
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	9.22 (8.72-9.74)			7.52 (7.05-8.03)
≥30
Subtotal, No.	9596			8821
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	6.77 (6.29-7.29)			5.99 (5.51-6.50)
Tree canopy, %
0-9		437.08	<.001		123.85	<.001
Subtotal, No.	4821			4056
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	14.23 (13.27-15.24)			10.36 (9.45-11.33)
10-19
Subtotal, No.	17 513			15 309
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	10.83 (10.37-11.30)			8.13 (7.71-8.58)
20-29
Subtotal, No.	11 525			10 478
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	7.30 (6.84-7.79)			6.53 (6.07-7.02)
≥30
Subtotal, No.	11 718			10 898
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	5.63 (5.23-6.06)			5.67 (5.25-6.12)
Grass, %
0-4		247.58	<.001		87.45
Subtotal, No.	5561			5139
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	6.28 (5.67-6.94)			5.66 (5.06-6.33)
5-9
Subtotal, No.	18 865			17 143
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	7.42 (7.05-7.80)			6.43 (6.07-6.81)
10-19
Subtotal, No.	11 778			10 385
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	10.07 (9.54-10.63)			8.10 (7.59-8.64)
20-29
Subtotal, No.	7389			6370
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	12.15 (11.43-12.92)			9.14 (8.45-9.87)
≥30
Subtotal, No.	1984			1704
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	12.65 (11.26-14.19)			8.86 (7.60-10.31)		<.001
Low-lying vegetation, %
0-4		5.10	.81		8.62	.01
Subtotal, No.	29 080			26 038
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	8.74 (8.42-9.07)			7.08 (6.77-7.40)
5-9
Subtotal, No.	14 958			13 334
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	9.29 (8.84-9.77)			7.78 (7.34-8.25)
≥10
Subtotal, No.	1539			1369
Affirmative responses, % (95% CI)	9.81 (8.42-11.40)			6.28 (5.11-7.70)

Abbreviation: NA, not applicable.

^aTo convert AUD to USD, divide by 1.44.