Table 1.
Basic characteristics of the study population
| Characteristics | Non-exposed group | Fetal period-exposed group | Infant period-exposed group |
P value |
| Birthdate | 10/1/1962–9/30/1964 | 10/1/1959–9/30/1961 | 01/01/1956–12/31/1958 | |
| n | 1302 | 743 | 1550 | |
| Female, n (%) | 708 (54.4) | 412 (55.5) | 805 (51.9) | 0.216 |
| Born in severely affected area, n (%) | 531 (40.8) | 252 (33.9) | 580 (37.4) | 0.008 |
| Urban, n (%) | 532 (40.9) | 279 (37.6) | 573 (37.0) | 0.087 |
| Living with spouse, n (%) | 1165 (89.5) | 653 (87.9) | 1351 (87.2) | 0.157 |
| Smoking, n (%) | ||||
| Never | 822 (63.1) | 445 (59.9) | 894 (57.7) | 0.024 |
| Past | 119 (9.1) | 84 (11.3) | 190 (12.3) | |
| Current | 361 (27.7) | 214 (28.8) | 466 (30.1) | |
| Alcohol drinking, n (%) | 387 (29.7) | 213 (28.7) | 423 (27.3) | 0.354 |
| Chronic diseases, n (%） | ||||
| 0 | 379 (29.1) | 209 (28.1) | 440 (28.4) | 0.694 |
| 1 | 371 (28.5) | 200 (26.9) | 422 (27.2) | |
| 2 | 240 (18.4) | 155 (20.9) | 307 (19.8) | |
| 3 | 147 (11.3) | 89 (12.0) | 177 (11.4) | |
| 4 | 97 (7.5) | 49 (6.6) | 98 (6.3) | |
| ≥5 (multiple) | 68 (5.2) | 41 (5.5) | 106 (6.8) | |
| Education level, n (%) | ||||
| Primary school or below | 602 (46.2) | 356 (47.9) | 929 (59.9) | <0.001 |
| Middle school | 488 (37.5) | 218 (29.3) | 379 (24.5) | |
| High school | 173 (13.3) | 157 (21.1) | 224 (14.5) | |
| College school or above | 39 (4.61) | 12 (1.6) | 18 (1.2) | |
| General obesity (BMI), n (%) | ||||
| Underweight | 43 (3.3) | 22 (3.0) | 81 (5.2) | 0.001 |
| Normal weight | 557 (42.8) | 345 (46.4) | 721 (46.5) | |
| Overweight | 473 (36.3) | 261 (35.1) | 546 (35.2) | |
| Obese | 229 (17.6) | 115 (15.5) | 202 (13.0) | |
| Prevalence of poor physical function, n (%) | 160 (12.3) | 115 (15.5) | 264 (17.0) | 0.002 |
Bold values means P≤0.05, statistical significant level.
BMI, body mass index.