TABLE 2.

Age-standardized^a prevalence (P) of self-reported COPD among ever-employed US adults aged 20–79^b years by occupational exposures and smoking status, NHANES 2007–2008 to 2011–2012

		Self-reported COPD
		Overall		Never Smokers		Ever Smokers
	Unweighted sample sizec	Pd (%)	95% CI	Pd (%)	95% CI	Pd (%)	95% CI
Total	15 777	3.47	2.91–4.03	1.48	1.12–1.84	5.61	4.77–6.44
Self-reported exposure (NHANES)
Mineral dust	4971	4.47	3.59–5.35	1.66	0.87–2.45	6.33	5.15–7.51
No exposure	10 764	3.05	2.50–3.60	1.42	1.05–1.79	5.22	4.28–6.16
Organic dust	3454	4.98	3.80–6.16	1.22	0.51–1.93	7.62	5.67–9.57
No exposure	12 309	3.06	2.60–3.52	1.51	1.13–1.89	4.93	4.23–5.63
Exhaust Fumes	3875	5.24	3.96–6.52	2.02	1.26–2.78	7.18	5.31–9.05
No exposure	11 896	2.89	2.45–3.32	1.35	0.97–1.73	4.89	4.16–5.62
Other gases/vapors/fumes	4991	4.43	3.76–5.09	1.55	1.11–1.99	6.40	5.34–7.46
No exposure	10 780	3.05	2.48–3.62	1.44	1.01–1.87	5.17	4.17–6.17
Ever dust and/or fumes	8413	4.50	3.72–5.28	1.54	1.06–2.02	6.75	5.61–7.89
Never dust and/or fumes	7364	2.43	1.94–2.92	1.45	1.06–1.83	3.86	3.08–4.63
COPD-JEM occupational exposures
Mineral dust
Low	13 948	3.35	2.84–3.85	1.45	1.09–1.81	5.53	4.71–6.35
Medium	1005	4.62	2.94–6.29	**	**	5.90	3.74–8.06
High	778	4.41	1.95–6.86	**	**	6.23	2.69–9.76
Organic dust
Low	13 638	3.39	2.88–3.91	1.51	1.14–1.87	5.43	4.67–6.18
Medium	1302	5.32	3.51–7.14	1.46	0.64–2.29	9.50	5.83–13.16
High	791	2.44	1.10–3.78			3.57	1.67–5.46
Combined dust
Low	11 973	3.15	2.67–3.62	1.49	1.11–1.86	5.07	4.36–5.77
Medium	2316	5.19	3.77–6.62	1.66	0.83–2.49	8.19	5.77–10.61
High	1442	4.09	2.41–5.76	**	**	5.92	3.41–8.43
Diesel exhaust
Low	13 404	3.35	2.83–3.87	1.44	1.09–1.79	5.59	4.74–6.45
Medium	1184	3.16	1.89–4.43	**	**	4.30	2.68–5.92
High	1143	5.36	3.35–7.37	**	**	6.88	4.52–9.23
Vapor-gas
Low	11 045	3.23	2.73–3.74	1.49	1.10–1.87	5.34	4.52–6.17
Medium	2794	4.30	2.95–5.65	1.53	0.64–2.42	6.66	4.79–8.53
High	1892	4.11	2.73–5.49	**	**	5.63	3.88–7.38
Sensitizers
Low	10154	3.13	2.67–3.59	1.57	1.18–1.97	4.99	4.25–5.74
Medium	2844	4.31	3.04–5.59	**	**	6.90	4.94–8.86
High	2733	4.26	3.04–5.48	1.33*	0.46–2.20	6.68	4.86–8.51
Fumes
Low	14 689	3.43	2.91–3.94	1.48	1.12–1.84	5.56	4.76–6.36
Medium	567	3.68	1.62–5.74			6.47	3.27–9.68
High	475	4.99	2.49–7.50			5.66	2.94–8.38
Overall exposure
Low	9592	2.71	2.29–3.12	1.42	1.07–1.77	4.37	3.71–5.03
Medium	3642	5.37	4.17–6.56	1.95	0.84–3.05	7.94	6.15–9.74
High	2497	4.51	3.07–5.94	**	**	6.80	4.92–8.69

^*RSE for the estimated prevalence with self-reported COPD >30% and ≤36%.

^**RSE for the estimated prevalence with self-reported COPD >36% and not reported because it is potentially unreliable.

^aAge-standardized prevalence estimates based on the age distribution of the 2000 US Census Population age structure for 20–79 year-old adult samples. NHANES interview sampling weights were used for self-reported COPD outcome.

^bSample 20–79 years of age with valid longest held occupation data were evaluated for self-reported COPD. Self-reported COPD was defined as self-reported, doctor or health professional diagnosis of chronic bronchitis (and still have chronic bronchitis) or emphysema.

^cFor self-reported COPD, 42 participants were missing mineral dust exposure data, 14 missing organic dust exposure data, 6 missing exhaust fumes data, 6 missing other gases/vapors/fumes data, and 46 missing in each JEM category.

^dPrevalence blank due to small numbers.