Table 4.
Distribution of Ideal, Intermediate, and Poor9 Cardiovascular Health for Each Metric for Adults 20 Years and Older Free of CVD, NHANES 2007–2014
| Cardiovascular Health Metric | Overall | No Family History of CVD | Family History of CVD |
|---|---|---|---|
| Body mass index risk (%, SE) | |||
| Ideal (<25 kg/m2) | 30.3 (0.68) | 30.7 (0.67) | 26.7a (1.38) |
| Intermediate (25–29 kg/m2) | 34.2 (0.66) | 34.3 (0.70) | 33.5 (1.36) |
| Poor (≥30 kg/m2) | 35.5 (0.59) | 35.0 (0.65) | 39.9a (1.16) |
| Smoking risk (%, SE) | |||
| Ideal (never smoked or quit smoking ≥12 months ago) | 77.7 (0.64) | 78.6 (0.61) | 71.0a (1.85) |
| Intermediate (quit smoking <12 months ago) | 2.1 (0.18) | 2.1 (0.20) | 2.0 (0.43) |
| Poor (current smoker) | 20.2 (0.60) | 19.3 (0.56) | 27.0a (1.85) |
| Physical activity risk (%, SE) | |||
| Ideal (≥150 min/week moderate or ≥75 min/week vigorous or ≥150 min/week moderate+vigorous) | 47.7 (0.94) | 48.4 (0.93) | 42.6a (1.90) |
| Intermediate (1–149 min/week moderate or 1–74 min/week vigorous or 1–149 min/week moderate+vigorous) | 18.1 (0.52) | 17.9 (0.56) | 19.8 (1.23) |
| Poor (none) | 34.2 (0.95) | 33.7 (0.93) | 37.6a (1.84) |
| Diet risk (%, SE) | |||
| Ideal (Healthy Eating Index score ≥81) | 2.5 (0.18) | 2.4 (0.20) | 2.6 (0.54) |
| Intermediate (Healthy Eating Index score 51–80) | 48.3 (0.94) | 48.9 (0.97) | 44.0a (1.83) |
| Poor (Healthy Eating Index score ≤50) | 49.2 (1.00) | 48.6 (1.00) | 53.4a (2.0) |
| Cholesterol risk (%, SE) | |||
| Ideal (<200 mg/dL) | 46.3 (0.80) | 47.0 (0.81) | 40.7a (1.74) |
| Intermediate (200–239 mg/dL or treated to goal) | 39.9 (0.72) | 39.2 (0.72) | 45.2a (1.61) |
| Poor (≥240 mg/dL) | 13.8 (0.47) | 13.8 (0.48) | 14.1 (1.13) |
| Blood pressure risk (%, SE) | |||
| Ideal (SBP <120/DBP <80 mm Hg) | 43.6 (0.81) | 44.7 (0.83) | 35.6a (1.53) |
| Intermediate (SBP 120–139 or DBP 80–89 mm Hg or treated to goal) | 42.2 (0.71) | 41.5 (0.70) | 47.8a (1.61) |
| Poor (SBP ≥140 or DBP ≥90 mm Hg) | 14.2 (0.47) | 13.8 (0.43) | 16.6a (1.49) |
| Diabetes mellitus risk (%, SE) | |||
| Ideal (glucose <100 mg/dL and A1c <5.7%) | 73.7 (0.44) | 74.5 (0.48) | 68.3a (1.30) |
| Intermediate (glucose 100–125 mg/dL or 5.7% ≤A1c <6.5% or treated to goal) | 19.5 (0.38) | 18.9 (0.42) | 23.5a (1.11) |
| Poor (diagnosed diabetes mellitus or glucose ≥126 mg/dL or A1c ≥6.5%) | 6.8 (0.21) | 6.6 (0.23) | 8.2a (0.71) |
| Mean score (SE) of 7 health metricsb | 8.5 (0.05) | 8.6 (0.05) | 7.9a (0.1) |
| Categories of 7 health metricsb(%, SE) | |||
| Inadequate (0–4) | 5.3 (0.24) | 5.0 (0.26) | 7.7a (0.78) |
| Average (5–9) | 58.8 (1.04) | 57.7 (1.05) | 66.6a (1.74) |
| Optimum (10–14) | 35.9 (1.03) | 37.3 (1.03) | 25.7a (1.81) |
CVD indicates cardiovascular disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SE, standard error.
a
Difference in percentage between populations with and without family history is significant at 0.05 level.
b
A score of 0, 1, or 2 was assigned to each cardiovascular health metric to represent poor, intermediate, or ideal health. The overall score for the 7 health metrics ranged from 0 to 14.