Do you get chest pain/discomfort/tightness/pressure related to exertion? |
440 (12.2%) |
293 (8.1%) |
Have you had unexplained syncope (passing out) or near‐syncope (nearly passing out)? |
320 (8.8%) |
202 (5.6%) |
Do you get excessive and unexplained shortness of breath/fatigue or palpitations associated with exercise? |
346 (9.6%) |
233 (6.4%) |
Have you been told you have a heart murmur? |
158 (4.4%) |
92 (2.5%) |
Have you been told you have elevated blood pressure? |
86 (2.4%) |
36 (1.0%) |
Have you been previously restricted from participation in sports? |
296 (8.2%) |
111 (3.1%) |
Have you had prior testing for the heart, ordered by a physician? |
256 (7.1%) |
145 (4.0%) |
Has one or more relatives had premature death (sudden and unexpected, or otherwise) before 50 years of age attributable to heart disease? |
238 (6.6%) |
160 (4.4%) |
Has a close relative <50 years of age had disability from heart disease? |
308 (8.5%) |
185 (5.1%) |
Does a family member have any of these heart conditions: hypertrophic or dilated cardiomyopathy, long‐QT syndrome, or other ion channelopathies, Marfan syndrome, or clinically significant arrhythmias; specific knowledge of genetic cardiac conditions in family members? |
485 (13.4%) |
266 (7.3%) |
One or more positive history responses |
1642 (45.4%) |
814 (22.5%) |