A. Colon length measured in centimeters (cm) on day 7. Values are mean ± SEM, n=8–14 animals/group. **p<0.01 DSS Ethanol compared to DSS Vehicle, ****p<0.0001 DSS Vehicle compared to Sham Vehicle; ****p<0.0001 DSS Ethanol compared to Sham Vehicle by Two-way ANOVA. B. Clinical scores as described above. Briefly scores were determined by the average of % body weight loss, stool consistency, and presence of blood in the stool. Values are mean ± SEM, n=4–6 animals/group. **p<0.01 DSS Vehicle compared to Sham Vehicle; ***p<0.001 DSS Ethanol compared to Sham Vehicle by ANOVA.