Table 2.
Summary of the Outcomes (Random‐Effect Model)
| Outcomes | No. of Studies | Proportion [CI] | Heterogeneity (I2, P Value) | τ2 | Perioperative Stroke vs No Strokea | Early vs Delayed Stroke Differencea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Random‐effect model | ||||||
| Pooled rate of perioperative stroke | 36 | 2.03% [1.75; 2.35]; PI=0.85‐4.74 | 94.1%, P<0.0001 | 0.1804 | ··· | ··· |
| Pooled rate of early stroke | 36 | 0.98% [0.79; 1.23]; PI=0.27‐3.49 | 94.7%, P<0.0001 | 0.3912 | ··· | 0.6774 |
| Pooled rate of delayed stroke | 36 | 0.93% [0.77; 1.11]; PI=0.33‐2.59 | 91.5%, P<0.0001 | 0.2568 | ··· | 0.6774 |
| Pooled rate of operative mortality in the whole group | 20 | 2.2% [1.8; 2.8] | 96.9%, P<0.0001 | 0.2543 | ··· | ··· |
| Pooled rate of operative mortality for patients with perioperative stroke | 22 | 21.3% [18.3; 24.5] | 58.8%, P=0.0003 | 0.0935 | <0.0001 | ··· |
| Pooled rate of operative mortality for patients without stroke | 16 | 2.4% [1.9; 3.1] | 96.9%, P<0.0001 | 0.2419 | <0.0001 | ··· |
| Pooled rate of operative mortality for patients with early stroke | 12 | 28.8% [17.6; 43.4] | 84.2%, P<0.0001 | 0.9440 | ··· | <0.0001 |
| Pooled rate of operative mortality for patients with late stroke | 13 | 17.9% [14.0; 22.7] | 20.1%, P=0.2407 | 0.0550 | ··· | <0.0001 |
| Incidence rate of late mortality in the “all” group | 5 | 3.4% [2.3; 5.2] | 99.3%, P<0.0001 | 0.2150 | ··· | ··· |
| Incidence rate of late mortality in patients with perioperative stroke | 5 | 10.9% [7.3; 16.2] | 84.8%, P<0.0001 | 0.1600 | <0.0001 | ··· |
| Incidence rate of late mortality in patients without stroke | 8 | 3.4% [2.4; 4.8] | 99.7%, P=0 | 0.2426 | <0.0001 | ··· |
| Incidence rate of late mortality in patients with early stroke | 5 | 11.7% [7.5; 18.3] | 87.6%, P<0.0001 | 0.2194 | ··· | 0.5063 |
| Incidence rate of late mortality in patients with delayed stroke | 5 | 9.4% [5.9; 14.9] | 71.2%, P=0.008 | 0.1771 | ··· | 0.5063 |
PI indicates prediction interval.
a
P value for subgroup difference.