Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients
| Variables | 1987 (n=111) | 1996 (n=202) | 2006 (n=205) | 2016 (n=85) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 42.4±15.1 | 49.1±15.3 | 53.7±15.6 | 55.4±16.8 | <0.0001 |
| Male sex | 27 (24) | 39 (19) | 39 (19) | 23 (27) | 0.33 |
| NYHA class 3 to 4 | 92 (83) | 128 (63) | 120 (59) | 44 (52) | <0.0001 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 36 (32) | 56 (28) | 71 (35) | 46 (54) | 0.0003 |
| History of commissurotomy | 18 (16) | 32 (16) | 52 (25) | 11 (13) | 0.03 |
| CHC | 15 (14) | 16 (8) | 13 (6) | 0 | |
| OHC | 3 (2) | 5 (2) | 7 (3) | 1 (1) | |
| PMC | 0 | 11 (5) | 32 (16) | 10 (12) | |
| Echocardiography before PMC | |||||
| MVA, cm2 | 1.04±0.23 | 1.03±0.22 | 1.03±0.24 | 1.07±0.26 | 0.42 |
| Mitral gradient, mm Hg | 10.8±5.4 | 10.2±4.1 | 9.5±4.5 | 10.1±4.7 | 0.13 |
| MR grade | |||||
| 0 | 63 (57) | 50 (25) | 49 (24) | 21 (24.5) | <0.0001 |
| 1 | 42 (38) | 134 (66) | 135 (66) | 54 (63.5) | |
| 2 | 6 (5) | 18 (9) | 21 (10) | 10 (12) | |
| Systolic PAP, mm Hg | 37.7±7.3 | 43.8±12.4 | 43.3±12.7 | 46.8±15.7 | <0.0001 |
| Valve anatomy (Cormier class) | |||||
| 1 | 33 (30) | 9 (5) | 9 (4) | 2 (2) | 0.003 |
| 2 | 49 (44) | 145 (72) | 100 (49) | 48 (56) | |
| 3 | 29 (26) | 48 (24) | 96 (47) | 36 (42) | |
| Calcification gradea | |||||
| 1 | 13 (11.5) | 21 (10) | 49 (24) | 5 (6) | <0.0001 |
| 2 | 9 (8) | 19 (9) | 33 (16) | 9 (11) | |
| 3 | 3 (3) | 8 (4) | 14 (7) | 10 (12) | |
| 4 | 4 (3.5) | 0 | 0 | 12 (14) | |
Results are presented as mean±SD or n (%). CHC indicates closed‐heart commissurotomy; MR, mitral regurgitation; MVA, mitral valve area; NYHA, New York Heart Association Class; OHC, open‐heart commissurotomy; PAP, pulmonary artery pressure; PMC, percutaneous mitral commissurotomy.
a
In patients with Cormier class 3.