Table 1.

Effects of Sox2 Dosage on Cell Fate Decisions

Tissue	Sox2 Levels	Outcome	Reference
Embryonic Stem Cells	Decreased	Differentiation	Chew et al., 2005
Embryonic Stem Cells	Increased	Differentiation	Kopp et al., 2008
Somatic Cells	Increased	Reprogramming to induced pluripotent stem cells	Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006; Papapetrou et al., 2009; Yamaguchi et al., 2011; Carey et al., 2011
Eye	Decreased	Microphthalmia	Fantes et al., 2003; Fitzpatrick et al., 2005; Hagstrom et al., 2005; Ragge et al., 2005; Zenteno et al., 2005
Esophagus	Decreased	Esophageal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistula	Que et al., 2007
Forestomach	Decreased	Develop characteristics of posterior stomach	Que et al., 2007
Airway Epithelium	Increased	Commitment to progenitor state, decreased branching, increased neuroendocrine basal cells	Gontan et al., 2008
Lung Tumorigenesis	Increased	Squamous lung cancers originating from bronchiolar cells	Xu et al., 2013
Lung Tumorigenesis	Decreased	Adenocarcinomas originating from alveolar cells	Xu et al., 2013
Prostate Cancer	Increased	Castration resistance and increased expression of neuroendocrine markers	Mu et al., 2017