Fig. 3.

Wearable sensors monitor the biomechanical performance of the athlete. a Distribution of tackles (n = 352) made and against peak instantaneous Player Load™. b Peak velocity for tackles made and against associated with tackle intensity categorized as low (n = 115), medium (n = 216), and high (n = 21). c Peak Player Load™ for tackles made and against associated with tackle intensity categorized as low (n = 115), medium (n = 216), and high (n = 21). d Relative displacements of the mouthguard sensor from the skull studied using high speed video. Among 16 trials, the mouthguard always had the smallest (sub-millimeter) displacement from the skull, within video error, compared to the skull cap and skin patch. e Relative displacements of the Reebok skull cap from the skull studied using high speed video. f Relative displacements of the xPatch Gen2 skin patch sensor from the skull studied using high speed video. g motusBASEBALL sensor exhibited higher peak elbow valgus torque for baseball pitching compared to football throwing. Data demonstrates the utility of the sensor to measure biomechanical forces during non-stationary periods on an athlete. h motusBASEBALL sensor used to quantify the average valgus torque on the elbow for baseball pitching and football throwing between foot contact and maximum internal rotation. “^aSignificantly different (p < 0.01) from Low; ^bsignificantly different (p < 0.01) from Medium. No significant differences between tackles made and against.” Figures were reproduced with permission from Gastin et al.²⁹ a–c, Wu et al.⁷⁹ d–f, and Laughlin et al.⁸⁹ g–h