Fig. 4.

GM-CSF mediates enhancement of IL-23 induced by α-DR3. Wild-type (a, b) or Rag1^–/–mice (c–f) were treated with α-DR3. d, e Rag1^–/– mice were treated with α-DR3 with (α-DR3+α-GM-CSF) or without (α-DR3+IgG) injection of neutralization antibody for GM-CSF. a–f Large intestinal LPLs were isolated for analysis 4 days after α-DR3 treatment. a–d Expression of CD11b, CD11c, CD103, Siglec-F, and Ly6G were analyzed by flow cytometry. a, c The total numbers of CD11b^LCD11c⁺ (CD11b^LCD11c⁺CD103⁺) cells, CD11b⁺CD11c⁺ cells, eosinophils (CD11b⁺CD11c^–Siglec-F⁺), and neutrophils (CD11b⁺CD11c^–Ly6G⁺) gated on live cells are shown. b, d Percentages of indicated populations gated on live cells defined in (a, c) are shown. e The mRNA expression of Il23a and Il12b in large intestinal LPLs was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. f The mRNA expression of Il23a and Il12b in large intestinal epithelial cells (IEC), purified CD11b^LCD11c⁺ (CD11b^LCD11c⁺CD103⁺), CD11b⁺CD11c⁺CD103⁺ cells, CD11b⁺CD11c⁺CD103^– cells, and eosinophils (CD11b⁺CD11c^–Siglec-F⁺) from large intestinal LPLs was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. g CD11b⁺CD11c⁺CD103^– cells were purified from large intestinal LPLs of Rag1^–/– mice under the steady state and treated with PBS or GM-CSF (20 ng/ml) for 4 h. The mRNA expression of Il23a and Il12b was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. f Statistical analyses were performed with Student’s t test. a–g The data are means ± SEM. The data are representative of at least two independent experiments. Source data are provided as a Source Data File