Fig. 7.
Examples of organism based systems. A: A bacteria driven microtube. The bacteria is trapped in the tube and serves as an actuator (101). B: A swarm of Euglena that can be steered via light stimuli. The swarm can be used to move micro particles (105). C: A wirelessly controlled cockroach that can be steered remotely via neural implants (111). D: A mud-eel driven endoscope. The locomotion of the eel is controlled via surface-mount electrodes on the tail, allowing controlled locomotion (114).