Table 4.

Multivariate multinomial logistic regression of intimidation and physical abuse with family members on witnessing interparental violence among male young adults: Cebu, Philippines, 2005 (n=989)

	Used only	Experienced only	Bidirectional
	ARRR	ARRR	ARRR
Witnessed interparental violence (2002)a
Maternal perpetration	1.32	2.79*	1.49
Paternal perpetration	1.70*	1.24	1.50*
Reciprocal	1.03	1.31	2.72*
Individual Characteristics (2002)
Year of school completed	1.10	0.90	1.02
Married or cohabitating	0.24	0.82	0.45*
Worked at time of survey	0.59*	1.32	0.95
Church attendance, once a week or more	0.76	1.33	1.18
Alcohol consumption	0.85	0.80	0.97
History of drug use	1.31	0.95	1.24
Maternal Characteristics (2002)
Age	1.00	1.01	0.98
Years of school completed	0.98	1.05	1.01
Married or cohabitating	0.72	0.45	0.88
Church attendance, once a week of more	0.96	0.74	1.08
Household Characteristics (2002)
Number of persons in HH	1.10*	1.04	1.14**
HH purchased any alcohol	0.99	0.69	0.87
Household asset index	0.95	0.96	0.95*
Rural residence	0.85	0.69	0.44***

^aReference is ‘Did not witness violence’

ARRR=adjusted relative risk ratio

^*p<.05.

^**p<.01.

^***p<.001.