Table 2. Indonesian plants and/or their components that show chemopreventive activity targeting cancers’ proliferative signaling .
| Molecular target | Plant/compounds | Reference(s) |
| AR signaling (↓) |
Thymoquinone Curcumin |
27
28 |
| EGFR (↓) | Brucea javanica (aqueous extract) | 29,30 |
| Curcumin | 32 | |
| HER2 (↓) | C. sappan (ethanol extract) | 31 |
| Curcumin | 32 | |
| NF-κB signaling (↓) | Bruceajavanone B | 33 |
| Bruceine A | 33 | |
| Brusatol | 34 | |
| Panduratin A | 35 | |
| c-Myc (↓) | Bruceantin | 36 |
| Cell cycle (CDKs/cyclins) (↓) | Panduratin A (cyclin D1, cyclin E; CDK 2, 4, 6) | 37 |
| Brazilein (cyclin D) | 38 |
AR: androgen receptor; EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; HER2: human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; CDK: cyclin-dependent kinase.
↓: indicates down-regulation of a protein and/or pathway.