Table 3.

Time–event model of maternal sister presence on older female reproduction (ages 44–50) in Asian elephants. Terms retained and rejected in the final model (determined using AIC) are shown above and below the intercept, respectively.

term	estimate	s.e.	Z-value	p-value
female age	−0.3	0.14	−2.14	<0.05
sister nearby (0 = far)	−1.3	1.04	−1.21	0.22
intercept of Full Model	−3.36	1.1	−3.04	<0.01
mother's living status (0 = dead)	1.14	1.08	1.06	0.3
birth order (0 = not first-born)	−0.02	0.52	−0.05	0.96
mother's origin (0 = wild-born)	0.79	0.53	1.5	0.14