TABLE 4.
Hemodynamics
| Echocardiography | Baseline | Pre-Discharge | 30-Day |
|---|---|---|---|
| Left ventricular end-diastolic volume, ml | 65.8 ± 29.6 | 65.0 ± 27.6 | 68.8 ± 32.4 |
| Left ventricular end-systolic volume, ml | 26.5 ± 15.9 | 28.8 ± 19.8 | 33.6 ± 25.7 |
| LVEF, % | 60.8 ± 9.7 | 56.6 ± 14.8 | 55.0 ± 15.2 |
| Left atrium volume index | 53.0 ± 16.5 | 53.4 ± 25.2 | 52.2 ± 18.1 |
| LVOT peak velocity, m/s | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.5 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 0.6 |
| LVOT peak gradient, mm Hg | 5.7 ± 4.8 | 9.8 ± 7.2 | 9.2 ± 7.3 |
| LVOT mean gradient. Mm Hg | 2.4 ± 1.4 | 4.8 ± 4.0 | 4.4 ± 3.9 |
| LVOT VTI, m | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.1 |
| Mean transmitral gradient, mm Hg | 9.6 ± 4.3 | 5.6 ± 2.1 | 6.6 ± 2.3 |
| Mitral regurgitation severity | |||
| None | 0(0) | 5(17) | 5(19) |
| Trace | 6(21) | 10 (34) | 8(30) |
| Mild | 6(21) | 13 (45) | 12 (44) |
| Moderate | 6(21) | 1 (3) | 0(0) |
| Severe | 11 (38) | 0 (0) | 2(7) |
| Perivalvular regurgitation | |||
| None | – | 16 (59) | 17 (63) |
| Trace | – | 3(11) | 4(15) |
| Mild | – | 8 (30) | 5(19) |
| Moderate | – | 0 (0) | 0(0) |
| Severe | – | 0 (0) | 1 (4) |
| Cath Hemodynamics | Baseline | Post-LAMPOON | Post-TMVR |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 69.6 ± 10.8 | 76.4 ± 15.5 | 73.4 ± 10.5 |
| Systolic arterial pressure, mm Hg | 123.4 ± 22.4 | 96.2 ± 20.5 | 23.3 ± 19.0 |
| Diastolic arterial pressure, mm Hg | 61.5 ± 12.0 | 51.4 ± 11.6 | 57.4 ± 15.6 |
| Mean arterial pressure, mm Hg | 85.0 ± 14.7 | 65.8 ± 14.7 | 82.7 ± 14.3 |
| Right atrial pressure, mm Hg | 13.9 ± 6.1 | – | 13.1 ± 6.3 |
| Systolic pulmonary artery pressure, mm Hg | 56.8 ± 18.5 | – | 52.8 ± 17.0 |
| Diastolic pulmonary artery pressure, mm Hg | 24.8 ± 8.3 | – | 22.6 ± 6.8 |
| Mean pulmonary artery pressure, mm Hg | 38.7 ± 11.2 | – | 34.4 ± 9.2 |
| Mean left atrial pressure, mm Hg | 26.7 ± 11.0 | – | 18.1 ± 4.7 |
| Left atrial v-wave, mm Hg | 45.2 ± 16.8 | – | 25.4 ± 8.6 |
| Mean transmitral gradient, mm Hg | 8.2 ± 4.8 | – | 2.8 ± 1.6 |
| Cardiac output, l/min | 5.1 ± 1.7 | – | 5.4 ± 1.5 |
| Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, mm Hg | 18.3 ± 6.0 | – | 17.9 ± 5.0 |
| LVOT peak-to-peak gradient, mm Hg | 7.6 ± 6.0 | 17.7 ± 23.4 | 10.7 ± 9.3 |
| Calculated mitral valve area, cm2 | 1.5 ± 0.7 | – | 2.8 ± 0.9 |
Values are mean ± SD or n (%).
LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; LVOT = left ventricular outflow tract; VTI = velocity time integral