Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Patients in Intention-to-Treat Analysis.
| Characteristic | Patients, No. (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DAM (n = 99) | NAM (n = 99) | SA (n = 101) | WL (n = 99) | All (N = 398) | |
| Women | 64 (64.6) | 67 (67.7) | 62 (61.4) | 60 (60.6) | 253 (63.6) |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 62.5 (9.9) | 61.8 (9.8) | 62.4 (8.9) | 63.4 (10.3) | 62.6 (9.7) |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 23.2 (3.0) | 23.2 (3.0) | 24.2 (3.0) | 23.8 (3.0) | 23.6 (3.0) |
| Duration of illness, mean (SD), mo | 46.2 (47.9) | 59.9 (84.3) | 51.3 (51.1) | 61.5 (69.3) | 54.7 (64.8) |
| Family history, yes | 17 (17.2) | 17 (17.2) | 27 (26.7) | 25 (25.3) | 86 (21.6) |
| Total cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 184.1 (45.2) | 186.0 (36.3) | 180.2 (41.0) | 182.9 (43.3) | 181.7 (41.4) |
| Triglycerides, mean (SD), mg/dL | 142.6 (85.0) | 153.2 (100.1) | 167.4 (136.4) | 142.6 (92.1) | 150.5 (105.4) |
| Resting blood pressure, mean (SD), mm Hg | |||||
| Systolic | 126.1 (13.7) | 126.1 (12.0) | 127.7 (13.0) | 126.6 (10.7) | 126.6 (12.4) |
| Diastolic | 75.4 (8.9) | 77.1 (8.1) | 75.4 (9.2) | 75.7 (8.4) | 75.9 (8.7) |
| Fasting blood glucose, mean (SD), mg/dL | 101.3 (19.5) | 98.9 (17.7) | 102.9 (19.8) | 102.0 (25.4) | 101.3 (20.7) |
| Antianginal medications | |||||
| β-Blockers | 89 (89.9) | 92 (92.9) | 87 (86.1) | 91 (91.9) | 359 (90.2) |
| Aspirin or clopidogrel | 99 (100) | 99 (100) | 101 (100) | 99 (100) | 398 (100) |
| Statins | 93 (93.9) | 96 (97.0) | 94 (93.1) | 97 (98.0) | 380 (95.5) |
| Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | 90 (90.9) | 88 (88.9) | 94 (93.1) | 93 (93.9) | 365 (91.7) |
| Calcium channel blockers | 10 (10.1) | 9 (9.1) | 12 (11.9) | 8 (8.1) | 39 (9.8) |
| Long-lasting nitrates | 5 (5.05) | 4 (4.04) | 7 (6.93) | 3 (3.03) | 19 (4.77) |
| Previous treatment for acute angina attack | |||||
| Nitroglycerin | 25 (25.3) | 32 (32.3) | 24 (23.8) | 27 (27.3) | 108 (27.1) |
| Self-relieved | 47 (47.5) | 49 (49.5) | 49 (48.5) | 50 (50.2) | 195 (49.0) |
| Others | 23 (23.2) | 16 (16.2) | 24 (23.8) | 19 (19.2) | 82 (20.6) |
| Previous use of PCI | 31 (31.0) | 33 (32.7) | 34 (33.7) | 22 (21.8) | 120 (30.2) |
| No previous use of acupuncture for CSA | 99 (100) | 99 (100) | 101 (100) | 99 (100) | 398 (100) |
| Patient expectation of acupuncture success | |||||
| None | 5 (5.1) | 5 (5.1) | 8 (7.9) | 6 (6.1) | 24 (6.0) |
| Slight | 40 (40.4) | 38 (38.4) | 37 (36.6) | 38 (38.4) | 153 (38.4) |
| Some | 27 (27.3) | 34 (34.3) | 34 (33.7) | 32 (32.3) | 127 (31.9) |
| Significant | 27 (27.3) | 22 (22.2) | 22 (21.8) | 23 (23.2) | 94 (23.6) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); CSA, chronic stable angina; DAM, disease-affected meridian; NAM, nonaffected meridian; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; SA, sham acupuncture; WL, wait list.
SI conversion factors: To convert total cholesterol to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0259; triglycerides to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0113; and glucose to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0555.