Table 1.
Clinical characteristic of influenza associated hospitalizations during the 2017-2018 influenza and 2011-2017 seasons
| Variables n (%) | 2011-2017 (n = 169) | 2017-2018 (n = 289) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender-male | 102 (60.4) | 169 (58.5) | 0.693 |
| Age groups | |||
| <14 years | 22 (13.0) | 37 (12.8) | |
| 14- years | 81 (47.9) | 129 (44.6) | 0.751 |
| >=60 years | 66 (39.1) | 123 (42.6) | |
| Co-morbidities | |||
| Cardiovascular diseases | 55 (32.5) | 120 (41.5) | 0.056 |
| Respiratory diseases | 17 (5.9) | 24 (8.3) | 0.526 |
| Chronic renal diseases | 11 (6.5) | 22 (7.6) | 0.659 |
| Chronic liver diseases | 11 (6.5) | 27 (9.3) | 0.289 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 18 (10.7) | 29 (10.0) | 0.834 |
| Cancer and hematological diseases | 56 (33.1) | 83 (28.7) | 0.321 |
| Stroke and Neuromuscular diseases | 15 (8.9) | 17 (5.9) | 0.225 |
| Immunosuppressant | 19 (11.2) | 38 (13.1) | 0.551 |
| Pregnancy | 0 (0) | 2 (0.7) | 0.533 |
| Postmortum within 30 days after delivery | 0 (0) | 1 (0.3) | 1.000 |
| Current smoking | 20 (6.9) | 57 (19.7)* | 0.029 |
| Received seasonal or influenza A (H1N1) vaccination | 0 (0) | 0 (0.0) | NA |
| Symptoms and Lab findings | |||
| Fever (temp >=38) | 159 (94.1) | 257 (88.9) | 0.065 |
| Cough | 141 (83.4) | 247 (85.5) | 0.559 |
| Dyspnea | 17 (5.9) | 50 (17.3)* | 0.034 |
| Hemoptysis | 5 (3.0) | 14 (4.8) | 0.329 |
| CNS symptom | 2 (1.2) | 11 (3.8) | 0.180 |
| WBC<4 | 50 (29.6) | 70 (24.2) | 0.266 |
| L%<20% | 97 (59.1) | 162 (56.1) | 0.192 |
| Platelet<100 | 36 (65.0) | 46 (15.9) | 0.286 |
| ALT >40 | 36 (21.4) | 86 (30.9)* | 0.029 |
| AST >40 | 54 (32.3) | 109 (39.4) | 0.137 |
| LDH >300 | 48 (35.6) | 108 (42.7) | 0.172 |
| CK>200 | 14 (10.4) | 54 (21.3)** | 0.007 |
| CRP>8 | 121 (79.1) | 196 (75.1) | 0.355 |
| ESR >20 | 67 (39.6) | 98 (60.1) | 0.420 |
| Treatment on admission | |||
| Antibiotics use | 160 (94.7) | 258 (89.3)* | 0.048 |
| 21 (12.4) | 33 (11.4) | 0.747 | |
| Oseltamivir | 147 (87.0) | 222 (76.8)** | 0.008 |
| Traditional Chinese Medicine | 28 (16.6) | 64 (22.1) | 0.151 |
| Glucocorticoids | 64 (37.9) | 134 (46.4) | 0.077 |
| Outcome | |||
| Total In-hospital fatality | 2 (1.2) | 19 (6.6)** | 0.008 |
*, **. Boldface values indicate (*P <.05; **P <.01). Comparison of the 2017-2018 influenza season with control group (influenza season 2011-2017). WBC, white cell (×109/L); L%, lymphocyte percent; PLT, platelet (×109/L); ALT alanine aminotransferase (U/L), AST aspartate aminotransferase (U/L), LDH lactate dehydrogenase (U/L), CK creatine kinase (U/L), CRP C-reactive protein (mg/L), ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm/h). IQR interquartile range, NA not available