Table 1.
Coverage and Limitations for Selected Nonpharmacological Therapies Related 2017 Essential Health Benefits Benchmark Plans Across All States (N = No; Y = Yes).
| State | Acupuncture | Manipulation | Limitationsa | DSM Exclusionsb | CAM Exclusionsc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | N | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Alaska | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Arizona | N | Y | Y | Y | N |
| Arkansas | N | Y | Y | Y | N |
| California | Y | N | – | N | N |
| Colorado | N | N | – | Y | N |
| Connecticut | N | Y | Y | Y | N |
| Delaware | N | Y | Y | N | N |
| District of Columbia | N | Y | Y | Y | N |
| Florida | N | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Georgia | N | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Hawaii | N | N | – | N | Y |
| Idaho | N | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Illinois | N | Y | Y | Y | N |
| Indiana | N | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Iowa | N | Y | N | N | N |
| Kansas | N | Y | N | N | Y |
| Kentucky | N | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Louisiana | N | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Maine | N | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Maryland | Y | Y | Y | Y | N |
| Massachusetts | N | Y | N | N | N |
| Minnesota | N | Y | N | N | N |
| Mississippi | N | Y | Y | Y | N |
| Michigan | N | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Missouri | N | Y | Y | N | Y |
| Montana | Y | Y | Y | N | Y |
| Nebraska | N | Y | Y | Y | N |
| Nevada | N | Y | Y | N | N |
| New Hampshire | N | Y | Y | N | Y |
| New Jersey | N | Y | Y | Y | N |
| New Mexico | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| New York | N | Y | N | Y | N |
| North Carolina | N | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| North Dakota | N | Y | Y | N | Y |
| Ohio | N | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Oklahoma | N | Y | N | Y | N |
| Oregon | N | N | – | N | Y |
| Pennsylvania | N | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Rhode Island | N | Y | Y | N | Y |
| South Carolina | N | Y | N | Y | N |
| South Dakota | N | Y | N | Y | N |
| Tennessee | N | Y | Y | N | Y |
| Texas | N | Y | Y | Y | N |
| Utah | N | Y | N | Y | Y |
| Vermont | N | Y | N | N | Y |
| Virginia | N | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Washington | Y | Y | Y | N | N |
| West Virginia | N | Y | Y | N | N |
| Wisconsin | N | Y | N | Y | Y |
| Wyoming | N | Y | Y | Y | Y |
Abbreviations: CAM, complementary and alternative medicine; DSM, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; –, refers to nonapplicability of limitations for states that do not cover manipulation.
aLimitations related to manipulation services based on treatment or cotreatment visit limits related to physical therapy, occupational therapy, or acupuncture.
bBehavioral therapy coverage related to DSM definition of mental health diagnoses (does not include pain).
cDenial of treatments based on labeling as a CAM therapy despite supporting evidence.