Figure 3.

Distribution of GABAergic and glutamatergic terminals in DCX animals. A–N, Immunostaining with GAD65/67 (left panels) and vGlut1 (right panels) antibodies of cortical sections. Pictures were taken from representative control L2/3 (A, C), experimental L2/3 (B, D), control corpus callosum (E, G), and white matter heterotopia (F, H–N). Color pictures (I–N) illustrate the presence of GABA (I–K) and glutamate (L–N) terminals (in red) around cell bodies and dendrites (in green) of ectopic neurons. Insets in I and L are enlarged in J–K and M–N, respectively; the contours of somatodendritic elements of green cells were delineated in J and K for a better appreciation of the distribution of immunopositive elements. O, Bar graphs depict GAD immunoreactivity levels on the different fields. P, Bar graphs depict vGlut1 immunoreactivity levels on the different fields. Notice that vGlut1 immunoreactivity in heterotopia is significantly lower than in control L2/3 and DCX L2/3 (mean values of 4–6 animals ± SEM; *p = 0.005, t test). Scale bars, 10 μm.