Isolated neurites retain the capacity to turn toward RA. Ai, ii, The process of mechanical isolation of the neurites from the cell body, using a sharp glass pipette. Scale bar, 60 μm. B, Summary graph of mean growth cone turning angles to both RA and EtOH application in intact and isolated growth cones; *p < 0.001 compared with RA. C, Isolated neurites do not turn toward a gradient of EtOH. i, 0 min; ii, 23 min. Scale bar, 30 μm. iii, Histogram depicts maximum turning angle of isolated growth cones to EtOH and each bar represents one growth cone. Positive values represent a turn toward the pipette and negative values a turn away from the pipette. D, Isolated PeA growth cones turn toward a gradient of RA. i, 0 min; ii, 39 min. Scale bar, 30 μm. iii, Histogram depicts maximum turning angle of isolated growth cones to RA. E, Representative example of an isolated VF growth cone turning toward RA. i, 0 min; ii, 45 min; iii, 75 min. iv, v, Changing the angle of RA application by moving the pipette induced a second change in direction of the VF growth cone (Ev, 195 min). Scale bar, 100 μm.