Table 1.
Patient Characteristics of All Participants, Baseline Data
| Characterictic | All Patients (n = 118) | Active Intervention (n = 59) | Conventional Care (n = 59) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean [SD] age, y | 45.7 [8.3] | 44.8 [8.2] | 46.7 [8.5] |
| Sex (men/women) | 55/63 | 26/33 | 29/30 |
| Mean [SD] body mass indexa | 26.3 [3.7] | 26.3 [3.9] | 26.4 [3.4] |
| Smoking, n (%) | 8 (6.8) | 3 (5.1) | 5 (8.5) |
| Missing data, n (%) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) |
| Education, n (%) | |||
| Elementary school | 7 (5.9) | 1 (1.7) | 6 (10.2) |
| High school | 51 (43.2) | 24 (40.7) | 27 (45.8) |
| University | 42 (35.6) | 23 (39.0) | 19 (32.2) |
| Vocational education | 17 (14.4) | 11 (18.6) | 6 (10.2) |
| Missing data | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.7) |
| Sick leave, n (%) | |||
| No sick leave | 75 (63.6) | 39 (66.1) | 36 (61.0) |
| Full-time | 25 (21.2) | 13 (22.0) | 12 (20.3) |
| Part-time | 16 (13.6) | 7 (11.9) | 9 (15.3) |
| Missing data | 2 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (3.4) |
| Previous lumbar spine surgery, n (%) | |||
| 0 occasion (no previous back surgery) | 108 (91.5) | 55 (93.2) | 53 (89.8) |
| 1 occasion | 7 (5.9) | 4 (6.8) | 3 (5.1) |
| 2 occasions | 3 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (5.1) |
| Pain duration, back > 2 y, n (%) | 87 (73.7) | 41 (34.7) | 46 (39.0) |
| Pain duration, leg > 2 y, n (%) | 52 (44.1) | 28 (47.5) | 24 (40.7) |
| Missing data | 1 (0.8) | 1 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) |
| Comorbidity, n (%) | 13 (11.0) | 6 (10.2) | 7 (11.9) |
| Surgical procedure, n (%) | |||
| Instrumented posterior fusion | 103 (87.3) | 53 (89.8) | 50 (84.7) |
| Instrumented anterior interbody fusion | 1 (0.8) | 1 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) |
| Instrumented combined posterior and interbody fusion | 4 (3.4) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (6.8) |
| Did not go through fusion surgery | 10 (8.5) | 5 (8.5) | 5 (8.5) |
| Fusion levels, n (%) | |||
| 1 level | 62 (57.4) | 32 (59.3) | 30 (55.6) |
| 2 level | 41 (38.0) | 20 (37.0) | 21 (38.9) |
| 3 level | 5 (4.2) | 2 (3.7) | 3 (5.6) |
aBody mass index measured in kg/m2.