Table 2.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of total sample (continuous variables reported as mean ± SD, and categorical variables as percentages)

Characteristic	Total sample (N = 129)
Age (yr)	45.65 ± 12.41
Gender (% women)	73.6
Education (yr)	13.72 ± 2.53
Race (% Caucasian)	64.3
Number of comorbidities (%)
None	17.1
One	24.0
Two	20.9
Three	20.2
Four	17.9
Hypertension (%)	57.4
BMI (kg/m2)	45.42 ± 8.28
Class Obesity (%)	--
Class II	33.8
Class III	65.4
Type-2 diabetes (%)	35.7
Controlled with diet (% [n])	19.6 (9)
On oral anti-diabetic medication (% [n])	43.5 (20)
On insulin only (% [n])	15.2 (7)
On oral anti-diabetic medication & insulin (% [n])	17.4 (8)
Not reported (% [n])	10.9 (5)
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dL)	120.5 ± 54.03
HbA1c	6.44 ± 1.46
Normal (% [n])	33.1
Elevated (% [n])	36.6 (37)
CPAP use (%)	25.0
Sleep apnea (%)	42.6
Arthritis (%)	34.9

Note: BMI = body mass index; CPAP = continuous positive airway pressure.

T-scores have a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10.