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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jul 30.
Published in final edited form as: Health Psychol. 2016 Dec 8;36(5):411–418. doi: 10.1037/hea0000433

Table 4:

Odds Ratios of Having Frequent Headaches/Migraines at Baseline for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Symptom Scores and Covariates

Variable Odds ratios of having frequent headaches/migraines at baseline
Model 1a Model 2b
OR 95% CI OR 95% CI
Impact of Event Scale Avoidance score .87 [.59, 1.30]
Impact of Event Scale Hyperarousal score 1.54 [.92, 2.56]
Impact of Event Scale Intrusion score .71 [.41, 1.21]
Impact of Event Scale total score (transformed to 0–4 scale) .96 [.72, 1.29]
Household received food stamps at baseline 1.11 [.60, 2.05] 1.07 [.58, 1.96]
Household received cash assistance/welfare at baseline 1.39 [.63, 3.03] 1.39 [.64, 3.05]
Household received unemployment benefits at baseline .55 [.12,2.48] .57 [.13,2.55]
Race/ethnicity (Non-Hispanic White = reference)
 Non-Hispanic Black .61 [.26, 1.44] .62 [.26, 1.45]
 Hispanic 1.63 [.33,8.01] 1.83 [.38, 8.83]
 Other race/ethnicity 2.26 [.44, 11.56] 2.26 [.44, 11.49]
Age in years 1 [.93, 1.06] 1 [.94, 1.06]
Home flooding depth (inches) .96 [.83, 1.10] .96 [.84, 1.10]

Note. OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.

a

PTSD symptoms represented by cluster scores, whole sample included (n = 409).

b

PTSD symptoms represented by total score, whole sample included (n = 409).

*

p < .05.

**

p < .01.

***

p < .001.