Table 1.
Control | Stress | |
---|---|---|
Subjective assessments | ||
Stressfulness | 5.8 (2.4) | 37.4 (5.0) |
Painfulness | 0.9 (0.5) | 58.2 (4.0) |
Unpleasantness | 6.1 (2.1) | 52.6 (3.9) |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | ||
Before hand immersion | 118.5 (2.6) | 119.4 (2.5) |
During hand immersion | 114.9 (2.5) | 133.2 (2.4) |
After hand immersion | 112.3 (1.9) | 115.2 (2.4) |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | ||
Before hand immersion | 65.8 (1.4) | 66.9 (1.4) |
During hand immersion | 66.1 (1.3) | 81.0 (1.6) |
After hand immersion | 63.3 (1.3) | 65.5 (1.5) |
Stressfulness, painfulness, and unpleasantness were rated on a scale from 0 (″not at all″) to 100 (″very much″). Bold indicates significant group difference (p < 0.01). Data represent means; SEMs are given in parentheses.