. 2019 Jul 30;14(7):e0219923. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219923

Table 1. ANOVA results of the fixed effects on the walls biochemical composition of cell walls in the principal ear internode for the three maize lines (F324, F66, and F7037) grown in 2009 and 2010 and sampled during 6 developmental stages.

		Variance effects
		Y_i	G_j	S_k	YG_ij	YS_ik	GS_jk
All stages	L Internode	ns	^*	^***	ns	ns	^**
	KL	^***	^***	^***	ns	^***	^***
	G	^***	^***	^***	^**	^***	ns
	S	^***	^**	^***	ns	^***	^***
	β-O-4 yield	^***	^***	^***	ns	^***	^**
	S/G	ns	ns	^***	^***	ns	^***
	PC est	^***	^***	^***	ns	^***	^***
	SPC	ns	^**	^***	ns	^*	^***
	FA est	^***	^***	^***	^*	^***	^***
	FA eth	^***	ns	^***	ns	^*	^***
V8 to silking stage	L Internode	ns	ns	^***	ns	ns	^**
	KL	^***	^***	^***	ns	^**	^***
	G	^***	^***	^***	ns	^***	ns
	S	^***	^*	^***	ns	^***	^**
	β-O-4 yield	^***	^***	^***	ns	^***	^*
	S/G	ns	ns	^***	^*	^*	^***
	PC est	^***	^***	^***	^**	^***	^***
	SPC	ns	ns	^***	ns	^*	**
	FA est	^***	^***	^***	ns	^***	^***
	FA eth	ns	^**	^***	ns	ns	^***
Silking to silage stage	L Internode	ns	^***	ns	ns	ns	ns
	KL	^*	^***	^*	^*	ns	ns
	G	^***	^**	^**	^**	ns	ns
	S	^***	^***	^***	ns	ns	ns
	β-O-4 yield	^***	^***	^***	*	ns	ns
	S/G	ns	ns	^***	^**	ns	ns
	PC est	ns	^***	^***	ns	ns	ns
	SPC	ns	^***	^**	ns	^*	^*
	FA est	^***	^***	^***	ns	ns	^**
	FA eth	^***	ns	^*	ns	ns	ns

*: P < 0.05

**: P < 0.01

***: P < 0.001

ns: P > 0.05.

L internode: length of the internode supporting the ear; KL: Klason lignin content in the cell walls; G and S: molar yield of β-O-4-linked G and S lignin-derived monomers calculated on the basis of the Klason lignin content in the cell walls; β-O-4 yield: sum of the yields of the H, G and S β-O-4-linked lignin-derived monomers; S/G: S/G subunit ratio; PC est: esterified p-coumaric acid content in the cell walls; SPC: percentage of S lignin units acylated by p-coumaric acid; FA est: esterified ferulic acid content in the cell walls; FA eth: etherified ferulic acid content in the cell walls.