Table 3.

Hazard ratios for prescription of anti-allergic drugs after prescription of gastric acid inhibitors or control medications

Group	N	HR	95% CI	p-value	aHR	95% CI	p-value
Total	36,608	2.95	2.77–3.14	<0.001	2.05	1.91–2.19	<0.001
Males	16,070	2.78	2.52–3.06	<0.001	1.95	1.75–2.17	<0.001
Females	20,538	2.81	2.59–3.05	<0.001	2.09	1.91–2.29	<0.001
Age < 20 y	2972	2.02	1.19–3.42	0.009	1.93	1.14–3.28	0.014
20–39 y	13,054	2.41	2.00–2.90	<0.001	2.20	1.82–2.65	<0.001
40–59 y	14,812	2.45	2.23–2.68	<0.001	2.25	2.04–2.47	<0.001
≥60 y	5770	2.14	1.89–2.42	<0.001	2.07	1.83–2.34	<0.001
First prescribed acid inhibitor
H2RA	2675	2.95	2.70–3.22	<0.001	2.04	1.86–2.23	<0.001
PGE2	8	3.41	1.10–10.59	0.034	2.40	0.77–7.47	0.129
PPI	24,309	2.93	2.75–3.12	<0.001	2.05	1.91–2.19	<0.001
SU	641	3.72	3.21–4.32	<0.001	2.14	1.84–2.50	<0.001
Longest applied acid inhibitor
H2RA	1554	3.43	3.08–3.82	<0.001	2.34	2.10–2.62	<0.001
PGE2	7	3.52	0.88–14.10	0.075	2.66	0.66–10.64	0.167
PPI	25,465	2.90	2.72–3.08	<0.001	2.03	1.90–2.17	<0.001
Su	607	4.02	3.45–4.69	<0.001	2.28	1.95–2.68	<0.001
Daily acid inhibitor dose per year
<21 DDD/y	6906	1.95	1.80–2.10	<0.001	1.28	1.18–1.39	<0.001
21–68 DDD/y	6910	2.52	2.33–2.72	<0.001	1.76	1.63–1.91	<0.001
68–213 DDD/y	6907	3.92	3.65–4.20	<0.001	2.67	2.47–2.88	<0.001
≥213 DDD/y	6909	3.69	3.44–3.97	<0.001	2.57	2.38–2.78	<0.001

Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) from Cox regression and hazard ratios adjusted for gender or age or both (aHR) by subgroups of subjects with acid inhibitor prescriptions against individuals with anti-hypertensive or lipid-modifying medications (C09/C10 codes of ATC/DDD). p values based on Cox chi-square test

H2RA H2-receptor antagonists, PGE2 prostaglandine E2, PPI proton-pump inhibitors, SU sucralfate, DDD defined daily dose, equal to the number of days the prescribed units would last, if completely consumed