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. 2019 Jul 30;10:3409. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11324-4

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Phosphatidic acid (PA) in late Coat Protein I (COPI) vesicle fission. Quantitative data are shown as mean ± s.e.m. Significance was tested using the two-tailed Student’s t test, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.0001, NS P > 0.05. a Golgi membrane with reduced phospholipase D type 2 (PLD2) level was used for the COPI vesicle reconstitution system, with rescue of vesicle formation using different forms of PA as indicated; n = 5 independent experiments. b HeLa cells were treated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against PLD2 to inhibit COPI transport, with rescue using different forms of PA as indicated. COPI transport in cells was tracked by examining the quantitative colocalization of a COPI-dependent cargo protein (VSVG-KDELR) with Golgi marker (giantin) at different time points as indicated, n = 4 independent experiments. c Golgi membrane with reduced PLD2 level was used for the COPI vesicle reconstitution system, with rescue of vesicle formation using PA having varying lengths of acyl chains as indicated; n = 5 independent experiments. d HeLa cells were treated with siRNA against PLD2 to inhibit COPI transport, with rescue using PA having varying lengths of acyl chains as indicated. COPI transport in cells was tracked by examining the quantitative colocalization of a COPI-dependent cargo protein (VSVG-KDELR) with Golgi marker (giantin) at different time points as indicated, n = 4 independent experiments. e Golgi membrane with reduced lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase type gamma (LPAAT−γ) level was used for the COPI vesicle reconstitution system, with rescue of vesicle formation using different forms of PA as indicated; n = 5 independent experiments. f HeLa cells were treated with siRNA against LPAAT−γ to inhibit COPI transport, with rescue using different forms of PA as indicated. COPI transport in cells was tracked by examining the quantitative colocalization of a COPI-dependent cargo protein (VSVG-KDELR) with Golgi marker (giantin) at different time points as indicated, n = 4 independent experiments. Source data are provided as a Source Data file