Table 3.

Origin, insertion, and clinical significance of rare accessory muscles around the mid and forefoot

Muscle	Origin	Insertion	Clinical significance
Accessory plantar muscle belly to the adductor hallucis	Fourth metatarsal	Oblique and transverse heads of the adductor hallucis	Transposition to alleviate symptoms of hallux valgus
Variant of the flexor digitorum accesorius or quadratus plantae	Calcaneus	Lateral aspect of the flexor digitorum longus tendon	Tarsal tunnel syndrome
Accessory flexor digiti minimi pedis (duplicated variant)	Tibialis posterior	Middle phalanx of the fifth digit	Graft—transposition