Table 2.
Unadjusted geometric means with 95% confidence intervals in IU/L for liver function tests (LFT) by stages of glomerular function for US adults aged >= 20 years by obesity status by gender and smoking status. Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2014.
| Glomerular function stage |
SSD* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GF-1 | GF-2 | GF-3A | GF-3B/4 | |||
| Nonobese | LFT** | |||||
| Total | ALT | 21.4 (21.0–21.8) | 21.7 (21.3–22.2) | 20.7 (19.7–21.7) | 18.2 (16.9–19.6) | GF-1 > GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01), GF-2 > GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01), GF-3A > GF-B/4 (p < 0.01) |
| AST | 23.3 (23.0–23.6) | 24.5 (24.1–24.9) | 25.5 (24.6–26.5) | 23.6 (22.3–24.9) | GF-1< GF-2 (p < 0.01), GF-1< GF-3A (p < 0.01) | |
| APH | 61.4 (60.5–62.2) | 62.4 (61.3–63.4) | 67.3 (64.4–70.2) | 70.7 (66.2–75.6) | GF-1< GF-3A (p < 0.01), GF-1< GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01), GF-2< GF-3A (p < 0.01), GF-2< GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01), GF-3A < GF-3B (p < 0.01) | |
| GGT | 18.7 (18.2–19.3) | 19.4 (18.7–20.1) | 20.0 (18.3–21.8) | 20.0 (17.8–22.5) | ||
| Males | ALT | 25.8 (25.4–26.1) | 24.8 (24.3–25.2) | 22.1 (21.2–23.0) | 19.6 (18.2–21.2) | GF-1 > GF-2 (p = 0.03), GF-1 > GF-3A (p = 0.02), GF-1 > GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01), GF-2 > GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01), GF-3A > GF-3B/4 (p = 0.02) |
| AST | 25.3 (25.0–25.6) | 25.6 (25.3–26.0) | 25.1 (24.4–25.9) | 24.3 (22.9–25.8) | ||
| APH | 66.9 (66.0–67.7) | 63.2 (62.2–64.1) | 63.5 (61.2–65.9) | 66.9 (62.3–71.8) | GF-1 > GF-2 (p < 0.01), GF-2< GF-3B4 (p = 0.04) | |
| GGT | 24.7 (24.1–25.3) | 24.0 (23.4–24.7) | 21.8 (20.5–23.3) | 22.9 (20.1–26.1) | ||
| Females | ALT | 18.0 (17.8–18.3) | 19.2 (18.9–19.5) | 19.0 (18.3–19.8) | 17.9 (16.9–18.8) | GF-1< GF-2 (p = 0.01) |
| AST | 21.3 (21.1–21.5) | 23.2 (22.9–23.5) | 23.9 (23.3–24.6) | 24.2 (23.3–25.1) | GF-1< GF-2 (p < 0.01), GF-1< GF-3A (p < 0.01), GF-1 < GF-3B/4 (p = 0.02), GF-2 < GF-3A (p < 0.01) | |
| APH | 58.6 (58.0–59.3) | 61.4 (60.5–62.4) | 64.8 (62.8–66.9) | 69.5 (65.9–73.3) | GF-1< GF-2 (p < 0.01), GF-1< GF-3A (p < 0.01), GF-1< GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01) | |
| GGT | 15.7 (15.4–16.1) | 16.8 (16.4–17.3) | 18.3 (17.2–19.4) | 19.4 (17.3–21.6) | GF-1< GF-3A (p < 0.01) | |
| Nonsmokers | ALT | 21.3 (21.0–21.5) | 22.0 (21.7–22.4) | 20.5 (19.9–21.1) | 18.5 (17.6–19.5) | GF-1 > GF-3B/4 (p = 0.04), GF-2 > GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01) |
| AST | 23.0 (22.8–23.2) | 24.6 (24.3–24.9) | 24.6 (24.1–25.1) | 24.3 (23.4–25.1) | GF-1< GF-2 (p < 0.01), GF-1< GF-3A (p < 0.01) | |
| APH | 60.7 (60.1–61.3) | 60.9 (60.2–61.7) | 63.4 (61.9–65.0) | 68.0 (64.9–71.3) | GF-1< GF-3A (p < 0.01), GF-1< GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01), GF-2< GF-3A (p < 0.01), GF-2< GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01) | |
| GGT | 18.1 (17.7–18.4) | 19.6 (19.2–20.1) | 19.4 (18.5–20.3) | 20.0 (18.2–21.8) | GF-1< GF-2 (p < 0.01), GF-1< GF-3A (p = 0.02) | |
| Smokers | ALT | 22.2 (21.7–22.7) | 21.4 (20.7–22.2) | 18.5 (17.1–19.9) | 17.6 (15.4–20.0) | GF-1 > GF-3A (p < 0.01), GF-1 > GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01), GF-2 > GF-3A (p < 0.01), GF-2 > GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01) |
| AST | 23.7 (23.3–24.2) | 23.8 (23.2–24.5) | 23.3 (21.5–25.1) | 24.0 (22.0–26.2) | GF-2 < GF-3B/4 (p = 0.03) | |
| APH | 66.8 (65.8–67.9) | 67.8 (66.6–69.1) | 72.3 (67.9–77.0) | 73.9 (67.3–81.1) | GF-1< GF-3A (p=<0.01), GF-2 < GF-3A (p = 0.02) | |
| GGT | 23.7 (22.9–24.5) | 22.7 (21.6–23.9) | 23.4 (20.3–26.9) | 24.3 (19.6–30.2) | ||
| Obese | ||||||
| Total | ALT | 25.9 (25.2–26.6) | 24.7 (23.9–25.5) | 21.7 (20.1–23.4) | 20.3 (17.7–23.3) | GF-1 > GF-3A (p < 0.01), GF-1 > GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01), GF-2 > GF-3A (p < 0.01), GF-2 > GF-3B/4 (p = 0.03) |
| AST | 24.2 (23.8–24.7) | 24.6 (23.9–25.3) | 25.5 (23.7–27.4) | 24.9 (22.2–28.0) | ||
| APH | 67.9 (66.8–69.1) | 68.1 (66.7–69.6) | 69.8 (66.5–73.3) | 78.9 (73.1–85.2) | GF-1 < GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01), GF-2 < GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01), GF-3A < GF-3B/4 (p = 0.03) | |
| GGT | 24.7 (23.9–25.5) | 24.9 (23.7–26.2) | 22.0 (20.3–23.8) | 26.9 (22.0–32.8) | GF-1 > GF-3A (p = 0.03) | |
| Males | ALT | 33.8 (33.1–34.5) | 29.1 (28.4–29.9) | 23.3 (22.1–24.6) | 22.9 (19.2–27.4) | GF-1 > GF-2 (p < 0.01), GF-1 > GF-3A (p < 0.01) |
| AST | 27.4 (26.9–27.8) | 26.1 (25.5–26.6) | 25.1 (24.2–26.1) | 24.1 (21.2–27.4) | ||
| APH | 67.7 (66.8–68.6) | 65.1 (64.1–66.2) | 64.0 (59.9–68.3) | 71.7 (64.1–80.2) | ||
| GGT | 32.3 (31.4–33.1) | 28.9 (27.8–30.0) | 25.4 (23.0–28.1) | 29.3 (23.5–36.6) | GF-1 > GF-2 (p < 0.01), GF-1 > GF-3A (p < 0.01), GF-2 < GF-3A (p = 0.04) | |
| Females | ALT | 20.9 (20.5–21.3) | 22.0 (21.4–22.6) | 19.1 (18.3–20.0) | 18.2 (16.6–20.0) | |
| AST | 21.4 (21.1–21.7) | 23.1 (22.6–23.7) | 22.7 (21.9–23.5) | 22.7 (20.7–24.8) | GF-1< GF-3A (p = 0.03) | |
| APH | 69.0 (68.0–70.0) | 69.2 (67.7–70.8) | 72.5 (69.6–75.6) | 74.6 (69.4–80.1) | GF-1 < GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01) | |
| GGT | 20.5 (20.0–21.1) | 22.4 (21.4–23.4) | 21.1 (19.3–23.0) | 20.7 (18.2–23.5) | GF-1< GF-2 (p = 0.03), | |
| Nonsmokers | ALT | 26.0 (25.5–26.6) | 25.1 (24.5–25.7) | 20.8 (20.0–21.6) | 19.6 (17.9–21.4) | GF-1 > GF-3A (p < 0.01), GF-1 > GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01),GF-2 > GF-3A (p < 0.01), GF-2 > GF-3B/4 (p = 0.02) |
| AST | 24.1 (23.8–24.4) | 24.6 (24.1–25.1) | 23.7 (23.1–24.3) | 23.2 (21.5–25.1) | ||
| APH | 68.3 (67.6–69.0) | 66.5 (65.4–67.5) | 68.6 (65.6–71.6) | 73.5 (68.8–78.5) | GF-1 > GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01), GF-2< GF-3B/4 (p < 0.01), GF-3A < GF-3B/4 (p = 0.01 | |
| GGT | 24.3 (23.7–25.0) | 24.6 (23.7–25.5) | 22.4 (20.8–24.1) | 22.9 (20.3–25.9) | ||
| Smokers | ALT | 26.6 (25.8–27.5) | 26.0 (24.9–27.2) | 19.5 (16.6–22.9) | 18.2 (14.5–22.9) | |
| AST | 23.8 (23.3–24.4) | 24.2 (23.3–25.0) | 22.3 (19.8–25.1) | 21.1 (18.8–23.6) | GF-1 > GF-3B (p = 0.03), GF-2 > GF-3B (p = 0.04) | |
| APH | 68.7 (67.5–69.9) | 70.2 (68.1–72.4) | 74.5 (67.0–82.9) | 77.8 (69.1–87.6) | ||
| GGT | 28.4 (27.3–29.6) | 29.2 (27.4–31.2) | 25.4 (20.1–32.2) | 22.7 (15.6–33.1) | ||
*Statistically significant differences with p-values adjusted for multiple comparisons using Tukey-Kremer method.
**ALT = alanine aminotransferase, AST = aspartate aminotransferase, APH = alkaline phosphate, GGT = γ-glutamyl transferase