Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics, Presenting Symptoms, and Laboratories of Patients With Babesiosis
| Outpatient (n = 12) | Hospital Ward Admission (n = 18) | Hospital ICU Admission (n = 8) | All Patients (n = 38) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at hospitalization, No. (%) | ||||
| 18–59 y | 3 (25) | 1 (6) | 0 | 4 (11) |
| 60–69 y | 8 (67) | 10 (56) | 4 (50) | 22 (58) |
| ≥70 y | 1 (8) | 7 (39) | 4 (50) | 12 (31) |
| Sex, No. (%) | ||||
| Male | 6 (50) | 17 (94) | 8 (100) | 31 (82) |
| Female | 6 (50) | 1 (6) | 0 | 7 (18) |
| Recalled tick bite, No. (%) | 8 (67) | 10 (56) | 3 (38) | 21 (55) |
| Comorbidities, No. (%) | ||||
| Diabetes | 1 (8) | 1 (6) | 2 (25) | 4 (11) |
| Hypertension | 2 (17) | 5 (28) | 3 (38) | 10 (26) |
| Congestive heart failure | 1 (8) | 1 (6) | 1 (13) | 3 (8) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 1 (8) | 0 | 1 (13) | 2 (5) |
| Asplenia | 0 | 2 (11) | 3 (38) | 5 (13) |
| Immunosuppressive therapy | 2 (17) | 0 | 1 (13) | 3 (8) |
| Organ transplant | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Immunodeficiency | 1 (8) | 0 | 0 | 1 (3) |
| Symptoms, No. (%) | ||||
| Arthralgia | 5 (42) | 6 (33) | 1 (13) | 12 (32) |
| Malaise | 7 (53) | 17 (94) | 8 (100) | 32 (84) |
| Chills | 5 (42) | 11 (61) | 4 (50) | 20 (52) |
| Anorexia | 5 (42) | 5 (28) | 1 (13) | 11 (29) |
| Subjective fever | 6 (50) | 14 (78) | 7 (88) | 27 (71) |
| Nausea/vomiting | 2 (17) | 4 (22) | 2 (25) | 8 (21) |
| Diarrhea | 0 | 2 (11) | 1 (13) | 3 (8) |
| Length of stay, No. (%) | ||||
| <8 d | 0 | 15 (83) | 3 (38) | 30 (79) |
| 8–14 d | 0 | 2 (11) | 4 (50) | 6 (16) |
| ≥15 d | 0 | 1 (6) | 1 (13) | 2 (5) |
| Labs (average) | ||||
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 12.4 | 10.9 | 7.5 | 10.3 |
| WBC, ×10(9)/L | 7.5 | 6.2 | 7.8 | 7.2 |
| Platelets, ×10(9)/L | 192 | 134 | 103 | 143 |
| Alkaline phosphatase, U/L | 108 | 86 | 102 | 98.7 |
| AST, U/L | 35 | 98 | 107 | 80 |
| ALT, U/L | 30 | 66 | 71 | 55.7 |
| Bilirubin, mg/dL | 0.5 | 1.3 | 2.4 | 1.4 |
| Coinfection, No. (%) | ||||
| Lyme | 0 | 6 (33) | 3 (38) | 9 (24) |
| Anaplasma | 0 | 1 (5) | 1 (13) | 2 (5) |
| Lyme & anaplasma | 1 (8) | 2 (11) | 0 | 3 (8) |
| ID consult, No. (%) | 4 (33) | 12 (67) | 8 (100) | 24 (63) |
| Treatment | ||||
| Azithromycin + atovaquone, No. (%) | 12 (100) | 14 (78) | 0 | 26 (68) |
| Clindamycin + quinine or quinidine, No. (%) | 0 | 4 (22) | 8 (100) | 12 (32) |
| Average duration, d | 13.1 | 22.7 | 20.1 | 18.6 |
| Exchange transfusion, No. (%) | 0 | 0 | 3 (38) | 3 (8) |
| PRBC transfusion, No. (%) | 0 | 3 (17) | 8 (100) | 11 (29) |
Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ICU, intensive care unit; ID, infectious diseases; PRBC, packed red blood cells; WBC, white blood cell count.