Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2019 Jul 31;9:11108. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47455-3

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

VP1-positive infiltrating M2 macrophage and VP1-positive pneumocytes were detectable in the orally infected lung. Orally infected mice were sacrificed on day 16 post-infection (Fig. 1B). Adjacent lung sections were examined with (A) H&E and IHC staining for a pan-leukocyte marker CD45. Massive leukocyte infiltration was detected. (B) VP1 and CD163 (M2 macrophage), but not CD68 (M1 macrophage), were detected by IHC in adjacent lung sections. (C) Similarly, arginase 1 marker for M2 macrophages, but not iNOS marker for M1 macrophage, was visualized in the alveoli by IHC staining. (D) VP1-positive (brown) M2 macrophages (CD163, green) were observed in both panels by IHC double staining. (E,F) VP1-positive signal was detected in both type I (aquaporin 5) and type II pneumocytes (surfactant protein C). (G) Distribution of VP1 in heart, lung and muscle, as well as their respective infiltrating leukocytes.