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. 2019 Jul 22;25:5445–5452. doi: 10.12659/MSM.914277

Table 1.

The type and incidence of postoperative complications according to the Clavien-Dindo scale.

Complication Number
Grade I (34)
SSI – bedside drainage 27
Wound hematoma – bedside evacuation 4
Eventration (dehiscence of all planes of the abdominal wall) 1
Urinary retention 1
Diarrhea 1
Grade II (33)
Intestinal failure – TPN 10
Anemia – packed red cells transfusion 8
SSI treated with antibiotics 3
Arrhythmias treated pharmacologically 2
Diabetes 1
Hematuria 1
Hypothyroidism 1
End-jejunostomy syndrome 1
Intraabdominal collection treated with antibiotics 1
Depression 1
Pneumonia treated with antibiotics 1
Ileus – resolved spontaneously 1
Deterioration of mental status 1
Gastrointestinal bleeding 1
Grade III (15)
Central venous catheter related infection (IIIa) 8
Subileus – Miller-Abbott tube insertion (IIIa) 1
Intraabdominal hemorrhage – reoperation (IIIb) 3
Intraabdominal abscess or peritonitis – reoperation (IIIb) 2
Billiary fistula (IIIb) 1
Grade IV (8)
Respiratory failure (IVa) 2
Cardiac failure (IVa) 1
Septic shock – single organ disfunction (IVa) 1
Septic shock – multiple organ disfunction (IVb) 2
Multiple organ disfunction (IVb) 2
Grade V (3)
Death 3

SSI – surgical site infection; TPN – total parenteral nutrition.