Table 4.
Study and subject characteristics 1-vs. 3-sets.
| References | Design | Status | Sex | N | Age, y, mean ± SD or range | Until failure | Frequency (sessions per wk) | Duration (wk) | Sets | Reps | Training loads (% 1RM) | Strength outcomes [strength measurement type] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hass et al., 2000 | RAN | T | C | 42 | 39.2–40.1 | Yes | 3 | 13 | 1/3 | 8–12 | 67–80 | [1RM] LExt, LC, CP, OP, BC |
| Rhea et al., 2002a | RAN | T | M | 16 | 20–22 | Yes | 3 | 12 | 1/3 | 8–12 | 67–80 | [1RM] BP, LP |
| Paulsen et al., 2003 | RAN | U | M | 18 | 20–30 | Yes | 3 | 6 | 1/3 | 7 | 83 | [1RM] Sq, KExt, LC, BP, SP, Row, LatP |
| Kelly et al., 2007 | RCT | T | C | 40 | 22.2–25.3 | Max effort | 2 | 8 | 1/3 | 8 | 80 | [Nm] KExt |
| Bottaro et al., 2009 | RAN | U | M | 24 | 19–25.4 | Yes | 2 | 12 | 1/3 | 8–12 | 67–80 | [1RM] KExt, EExt |
| Baker et al., 2013 | RAN | T | M | 16 | 18–21 | Yes | 3 | 8 | 1/3 | 6 | 85 | [1RM and Nm] BP, SP, BC |
| Sooneste et al., 2013 | RAN | U | M | 8 | 22.9–27.1 | Yes | 2 | 12 | 1/3 | 8 | 80 | [1RM] SPC |
| Reid et al., 1987 | RAN | U | M | 34 | 18–35 | Yes | 3 | 8 | 1/2/3 | 3–18 | 63–93 | [1RM] EFlex, EExt, KFlex, KExt, SFlex, SExt |
| Kramer et al., 1997 | RAN | T | M | 43 | 20.3 ± 1.9 [SEM] | Yes | 3 | 14 | 1/3 | 8–12 | 67–80 | [1RM] Sq |
| Schlumberger et al., 2001 | RCT | T | F | 27 | 20–40 | Yes | 2 | 6 | 1/3 | 6–9 | 65–77 | [1RM] LExt, BP |
| Humburg et al., 2007 | RCT | U | C | 29 | 23.1–27.1 | Yes | 3 | 9 | 1/3 | 8–12 | 67–80 | [1RM] BC, LP, BP |
| Radaelli et al., 2014 | RCT | U | M | 48 | 23.5–25.3 | Yes | 3 | 26 | 1/3/5 | 8–12 | 67–80 | [5RM] BP, LP, LatP, SP |
| Total/mean ± SD | 393 | 2.7 (± 0.49) | 11.2 (± 5.4) | 9.0 (± 1.7) | 76.5 (± 7.5) |
N, number; y, years; SD, standard deviation; wk, weeks; Reps, repetitions; % 1RM, percentage of subjects one repetition maximum; RAN, randomly assigned trial; T, trained; C, male and female subjects combined; 1RM, 1 repetition maximum; LExt, leg extension; LC, leg curl; CP, chest press; OP, overhead press; BC, bicep curl; M, male; BP, bench press; LP, leg press; U, untrained; SEM, standard error of measurement; Sq, squat; KExt, knee extension; SP, shoulder press; Row, seated row; LatP, latissimus pull-down; RCT, randomized controlled trial; Nm, peak torque; 5RM, subjects five repetition maximum; EFlex, elbow flexion; KFlex, knee flexion; SFlex, shoulder flexion; SExt, shoulder extension; SPC, seated preacher curl; F, female.